Allow Ranges::contains to accept borrows, e.g. &str for Ranges<String>

[konstin]

This PR upstreams astral-sh#35.

---

This PR borrows a trick from
HashMap to enable users to pass (e.g.) &str to Ranges::contains, given Ranges<String>.

[Eh2406]

What is our process for releasing a new version of this crate?

[konstin]

It's updating Changelog.md, bumping the version number and running cargo publish locally.

[Eh2406]

Two thoughts about this PR.

1. We should probably add a test, even if it's just to compile test, for some basic use cases unlocked by this PR.
2. Do we want hash maps API here? Seems like what we really need is Q: PartialOrd<V> not V: Borrow<Q>?

[Eh2406]

Do we want hash maps API here? Seems like what we really need is Q: PartialOrd<V> not V: Borrow<Q>?

Q: PartialOrd<V> gets everything compile, and looks quite nice. Unfortunately it doesn't work for

can't compare `str` with `std::string::String`
the trait `PartialOrd<std::string::String>` is not implemented for `str`
the trait `PartialOrd` is implemented for `str`
for that trait implementation, expected `str`, found `std::string::String`

So moving on with my life.

[konstin]

This works, but i don't know if it's better:

use std::ops::Deref;

struct Db<V>(Vec<V>);

impl<V> Db<V> {
    pub fn contains<'a, Q, CommonCmp>(&self, version: &'a Q) -> bool
    where
        // We deref both internal and external type to this common type that we use for comparison.
        CommonCmp: PartialOrd<CommonCmp> + ?Sized,
        V: Deref<Target = CommonCmp>,
        &'a Q: Deref<Target = CommonCmp>,
        Q: PartialOrd<CommonCmp> + ?Sized,
    {
        self.0
            .binary_search_by(|segment| segment.deref().partial_cmp(version.deref()).unwrap())
            // An equal interval is one that contains the version
            .is_ok()
    }
}

fn main() {
    let haystack = Db(vec!["1".to_string(), "2".to_string(), "3".to_string()]);
    let one = haystack.contains("1");
    println!("1: {}", one);
    let four = haystack.contains(&"4".to_string());
    println!("4: {}", four);
}