chore: sanitize github actions workflows

[surekhaw]

Description

• Add input validation for workflow inputs
• Improve shell script safety with proper quoting
• Enhance error handling in CI/CD scripts

Screenshots

N/A

Testing instructions

N/A

[github-actions]

Code Coverage

Total Project Coverage	70.78%	❌

[surrsurus]

I followed the steps in the LIs associated with this PR and ran the RCE and was able to verify that we indeed are able to validate the inputs with this change:

ERROR: Invalid version format: 
Version must match semantic versioning format (e.g., 1.2.3, 1.2.3-beta)

[mgriepentrog]

It looks like the validation works, but the contents of /etc/passwd are still being printed. GitHub recommends using an intermediate environment variable to mitigate against this class of attack: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/security/secure-use#use-an-intermediate-environment-variable.

[mgriepentrog]

Verified input is being sanitized.