Historically, the name of the header has always been "Referer", a misspelling of "Referrer". When Response.redirect() is called with REDIRECT_BACK, it incorrectly looks for a header with the English spelling (two R's), doesn't find one, and thus never redirects to the intended location.
console.log(`Referer: ${context.request.headers.get("Referer")}`);
console.log(`Referrer: ${context.request.headers.get("Referrer")}`);
Output:
Referer: http://localhost/example
Referrer: null