Add queue array impl in C

[Gonglja]

If this PR is related to coding or code translation, please fill out the checklist.

• I've tested the code and ensured the outputs are the same as the outputs of reference codes.
• I've checked the codes (formatting, comments, indentation, file header, etc) carefully.
• The code does not rely on a particular environment or IDE and can be executed on a standard system (Win, macOS, Ubuntu).

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1 Ignored Deployment

Name	Status	Preview	Comments	Updated
hello-algo	⬜️ Ignored (Inspect)			Jan 29, 2023 at 6:22AM (UTC)

[krahets]

Could you copy&paste the console outputs to this PR? Thanks!

[Gonglja]

Ok, no problem, the following is

C:\Windows\system32\wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu-22.04 --exec /bin/zsh -c "cd /mnt/d/03Data/01Git/hello-algo/codes/c/cmake-build-debug/chapter_stack_and_queue && /mnt/d/03Data/01Git/hello-algo/codes/c/cmake-build-debug/chapter_stack_and_queue/array_queue"
队列 queue = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4]
队首元素 peek = 1
出队元素 poll = 1，出队后 queue = [3, 2, 5, 4]
队列长度 size = 4
队列是否为空 = false
第 0 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [2, 5, 4, 0]
第 1 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [5, 4, 0, 1]
第 2 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [4, 0, 1, 2]
第 3 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [0, 1, 2, 3]
第 4 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [1, 2, 3, 4]
第 5 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [2, 3, 4, 5]
第 6 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [3, 4, 5, 6]
第 7 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [4, 5, 6, 7]
第 8 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [5, 6, 7, 8]
第 9 轮入队 + 出队后 queue = [6, 7, 8, 9]

Process finished with exit code 0

[krahets]

Please use 4 spaces for indentation

[Gonglja]

Please use 4 spaces for indentation

Ok, I reformatted some code, sorry for the different results due to just cutting to clion using different tools to format differently

[krahets]

Please format the code

for (int i = 0, j = queue->front; i < siz; i++, j++)

Recommend using a code formatting tool.

[krahets]

assert(size(queue) != 0);

Please check the format of other codes.

[krahets]

Thanks! Please address the comments.

[krahets]

Thanks! Now merge it.