lib/logging: only show locals when in debug mode (cherry-pick #16772)

[authentik-automation]

Cherry-pick of #16772 to version-2025.6 branch.

Original PR: #16772
Original Author: @BeryJu
Cherry-picked commit: 68a2332

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[netlify]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 92.98%. Comparing base (af9f124) to head (bc8c93a).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on version-2025.6.
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Additional details and impacted files

@@                Coverage Diff                 @@
##           version-2025.6   #16775      +/-   ##
==================================================
+ Coverage           92.93%   92.98%   +0.05%     
==================================================
  Files                 817      817              
  Lines               42295    42295              
==================================================
+ Hits                39308    39330      +22     
+ Misses               2987     2965      -22     

Flag	Coverage Δ
e2e	47.58% <ø> (+0.08%)	⬆️
integration	24.37% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
unit	90.84% <ø> (ø)

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