Add test build using latest Dask/Distributed

[charlesbluca]

This PR adds a CI test using the latest Dask/Distributed. This should give us a better idea of when an incoming change in Dask will cause breakage in this repo, and also help us work on features here that are dependent on Dask work that hasn't yet been released.

In the future (when the test isn't failing), we might find it useful to run the test on a schedule (daily, weekly, etc.).

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #306 (684427d) into main (2194a75) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #306   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   95.75%   95.75%           
=======================================
  Files          65       65           
  Lines        2802     2802           
  Branches      418      418           
=======================================
  Hits         2683     2683           
  Misses         77       77           
  Partials       42       42           

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