Warn when exporting recipes with versions containing alphanumeric majors

conan/internal/api/export.py

@@ -30,6 +30,21 @@ def cmd_export(app, hook_manager, global_conf, conanfile_path, name, version, us
     conanfile.display_name = str(ref)
     conanfile.output.scope = conanfile.display_name
     scoped_output = conanfile.output
+    # Even though the package_id_non_embed_mode is minor_mode by default,
+    # recipes with buggy versions that do not define the attribute will have
+    # the same problem regardless
+    if not isinstance(ref.version.major.value, int) and ref.version.minor is not None:
+        for mode in ("package_id_embed_mode", "package_id_non_embed_mode", "package_id_unknown_mode"):
+            if getattr(conanfile, mode, None) in ("patch_mode", "minor_mode"):
+                scoped_output.warning(f"{mode} is set to '{getattr(conanfile, mode)}', but the version '{ref.version}' contains "
+                                      f"an alphanumeric major '{ref.version.major}'.\n"
+                                      f"This is highly discouraged due to unexpected package ID calculation risks. "
+                                      f"Either a different version scheme should be used (e.g., semantic versioning), "
+                                      f"or the package_id modes should be changed (e.g 'full_mode').\n"
+                                      f"Refer to the documentation for more details: "
+                                      f"TODO",
+                                      warn_tag="risk")
+                break
 
     recipe_layout = cache.create_export_recipe_layout(ref)
 

conan/internal/model/info.py

@@ -20,11 +20,15 @@ def stable(self):
             return self.major()
 
     def major(self):
+        # This check is to avoid breaking non-integer major versions
+        # for legacy reasons. Users are warned against using them
         if not isinstance(self._version.major.value, int):
             return str(self._version.major)
         return ".".join([str(self._version.major), 'Y', 'Z'])
 
     def minor(self):
+        # This check is to avoid breaking non-integer major versions
+        # for legacy reasons. Users are warned against using them
         if not isinstance(self._version.major.value, int):
             return str(self._version.major)
 
@@ -33,6 +37,8 @@ def minor(self):
         return ".".join([v0, v1, 'Z'])
 
     def patch(self):
+        # This check is to avoid breaking non-integer major versions
+        # for legacy reasons. Users are warned against using them
         if not isinstance(self._version.major.value, int):
             return str(self._version.major)
 
@@ -42,6 +48,8 @@ def patch(self):
         return ".".join([v0, v1, v2])
 
     def pre(self):
+        # This check is to avoid breaking non-integer major versions
+        # for legacy reasons. Users are warned against using them
         if not isinstance(self._version.major.value, int):
             return str(self._version.major)
 

test/integration/command/export/export_test.py

@@ -438,3 +438,18 @@ def test_export_json():
     info = json.loads(c.stdout)
     assert info["reference"] == "foo/0.1#4d670581ccb765839f2239cc8dff8fbd"
     assert len(info) == 1  # Only "reference" key yet
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode", ["patch_mode", "minor_mode", "major_mode", None])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("mode_attr", ["package_id_embed_mode", "package_id_non_embed_mode", "package_id_unknown_mode"])
+def test_export_alphanumeric_major(mode, mode_attr):
+    c = TestClient(light=True)
+    conanfile = GenConanfile("pkg")
+    if mode:
+        conanfile = conanfile.with_class_attribute(f'{mode_attr} = "{mode}"')
+    c.save({"conanfile.py": conanfile})
+    c.run("export . --version=v1.3")
+    if mode in ("patch_mode", "minor_mode"):
+        assert f"{mode_attr} is set to '{mode}'" in c.out
+    c.run("export . --version=v1")
+    assert f"This is not a recommended practice" not in c.out