cakephp · dereuromark · Nov 28, 2025
diff --git a/src/BaseSeed.php b/src/BaseSeed.php
@@ -191,6 +191,16 @@ public function insertOrSkip(string $tableName, array $data): void
         $table->insertOrSkip($data)->save();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public function insertOrUpdate(string $tableName, array $data, array $updateColumns, array $conflictColumns): void
+    {
+        // convert to table object
+        $table = new Table($tableName, [], $this->getAdapter());
+        $table->insertOrUpdate($data, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns)->save();
+    }
+
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
      */

diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/AbstractAdapter.php b/src/Db/Adapter/AbstractAdapter.php
@@ -622,9 +622,14 @@ public function fetchAll(string $sql): array
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $sql = $this->generateInsertSql($table, $row, $mode);
+    public function insert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $sql = $this->generateInsertSql($table, $row, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
             $this->io->out($sql);
@@ -649,10 +654,17 @@ public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = nul
      * @param \Migrations\Db\Table\TableMetadata $table The table to insert into
      * @param array $row The row to insert
      * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on upsert conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert (unused in MySQL)
      * @return string
      */
-    protected function generateInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): string
-    {
+    protected function generateInsertSql(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): string {
         $sql = sprintf(
             '%s INTO %s ',
             $this->getInsertPrefix($mode),
@@ -667,8 +679,10 @@ protected function generateInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMo
             }
         }
 
+        $upsertClause = $this->getUpsertClause($mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
+
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
-            $sql .= ' VALUES (' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteValue(...), $row)) . ');';
+            $sql .= ' VALUES (' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteValue(...), $row)) . ')' . $upsertClause . ';';
 
             return $sql;
         } else {
@@ -680,7 +694,7 @@ protected function generateInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMo
                 }
                 $values[] = $placeholder;
             }
-            $sql .= ' VALUES (' . implode(',', $values) . ')';
+            $sql .= ' VALUES (' . implode(',', $values) . ')' . $upsertClause;
 
             return $sql;
         }
@@ -701,6 +715,29 @@ protected function getInsertPrefix(?InsertMode $mode = null): string
         return 'INSERT';
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the upsert clause for MySQL (ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE).
+     *
+     * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness (unused in MySQL)
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function getUpsertClause(?InsertMode $mode, ?array $updateColumns, ?array $conflictColumns = null): string
+    {
+        if ($mode !== InsertMode::UPSERT || $updateColumns === null) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $updates = [];
+        foreach ($updateColumns as $column) {
+            $quotedColumn = $this->quoteColumnName($column);
+            $updates[] = $quotedColumn . ' = VALUES(' . $quotedColumn . ')';
+        }
+
+        return ' ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ' . implode(', ', $updates);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Quotes a database value.
      *
@@ -748,9 +785,14 @@ protected function quoteString(string $value): string
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $sql = $this->generateBulkInsertSql($table, $rows, $mode);
+    public function bulkinsert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $sql = $this->generateBulkInsertSql($table, $rows, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
             $this->io->out($sql);
@@ -785,10 +827,17 @@ public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode
      * @param \Migrations\Db\Table\TableMetadata $table The table to insert into
      * @param array $rows The rows to insert
      * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on upsert conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert (unused in MySQL)
      * @return string
      */
-    protected function generateBulkInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): string
-    {
+    protected function generateBulkInsertSql(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): string {
         $sql = sprintf(
             '%s INTO %s ',
             $this->getInsertPrefix($mode),
@@ -799,11 +848,13 @@ protected function generateBulkInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?Ins
 
         $sql .= '(' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteColumnName(...), $keys)) . ') VALUES ';
 
+        $upsertClause = $this->getUpsertClause($mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
+
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
             $values = array_map(function ($row) {
                 return '(' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteValue(...), $row)) . ')';
             }, $rows);
-            $sql .= implode(', ', $values) . ';';
+            $sql .= implode(', ', $values) . $upsertClause . ';';
 
             return $sql;
         } else {
@@ -820,7 +871,7 @@ protected function generateBulkInsertSql(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?Ins
                 $query = '(' . implode(', ', $values) . ')';
                 $queries[] = $query;
             }
-            $sql .= implode(',', $queries);
+            $sql .= implode(',', $queries) . $upsertClause;
 
             return $sql;
         }

diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/AdapterInterface.php b/src/Db/Adapter/AdapterInterface.php
@@ -480,19 +480,35 @@ public function fetchAll(string $sql): array;
      * @param \Migrations\Db\Table\TableMetadata $table Table where to insert data
      * @param array $row Row
      * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on upsert conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert
      * @return void
      */
-    public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void;
+    public function insert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void;
 
     /**
      * Inserts data into a table in a bulk.
      *
      * @param \Migrations\Db\Table\TableMetadata $table Table where to insert data
      * @param array $rows Rows
      * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on upsert conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert
      * @return void
      */
-    public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void;
+    public function bulkinsert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void;
 
     /**
      * Quotes a table name for use in a query.

diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/AdapterWrapper.php b/src/Db/Adapter/AdapterWrapper.php
@@ -138,17 +138,27 @@ public function query(string $sql, array $params = []): mixed
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $this->getAdapter()->insert($table, $row, $mode);
+    public function insert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $this->getAdapter()->insert($table, $row, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
     }
 
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $this->getAdapter()->bulkinsert($table, $rows, $mode);
+    public function bulkinsert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $this->getAdapter()->bulkinsert($table, $rows, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
     }
 
     /**

diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/PostgresAdapter.php b/src/Db/Adapter/PostgresAdapter.php
@@ -1152,8 +1152,13 @@ public function setSearchPath(): void
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
+    public function insert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
         $sql = sprintf(
             'INSERT INTO %s ',
             $this->quoteTableName($table->getName()),
@@ -1172,7 +1177,7 @@ public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = nul
             $override = self::OVERRIDE_SYSTEM_VALUE . ' ';
         }
 
-        $conflictClause = $this->getConflictClause($mode);
+        $conflictClause = $this->getConflictClause($mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
             $sql .= ' ' . $override . 'VALUES (' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteValue(...), $row)) . ')' . $conflictClause . ';';
@@ -1198,8 +1203,13 @@ public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = nul
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
+    public function bulkinsert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
         $sql = sprintf(
             'INSERT INTO %s ',
             $this->quoteTableName($table->getName()),
@@ -1215,7 +1225,7 @@ public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode
 
         $sql .= '(' . implode(', ', array_map($this->quoteColumnName(...), $keys)) . ') ' . $override . 'VALUES ';
 
-        $conflictClause = $this->getConflictClause($mode);
+        $conflictClause = $this->getConflictClause($mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         if ($this->isDryRunEnabled()) {
             $values = array_map(function ($row) {
@@ -1258,14 +1268,30 @@ public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode
      * Get the ON CONFLICT clause based on insert mode.
      *
      * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on upsert conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert
      * @return string
      */
-    protected function getConflictClause(?InsertMode $mode = null): string
-    {
+    protected function getConflictClause(
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): string {
         if ($mode === InsertMode::IGNORE) {
             return ' ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING';
         }
 
+        if ($mode === InsertMode::UPSERT && $updateColumns !== null && $conflictColumns !== null) {
+            $quotedConflictColumns = array_map($this->quoteColumnName(...), $conflictColumns);
+            $updates = [];
+            foreach ($updateColumns as $column) {
+                $quotedColumn = $this->quoteColumnName($column);
+                $updates[] = $quotedColumn . ' = EXCLUDED.' . $quotedColumn;
+            }
+
+            return ' ON CONFLICT (' . implode(', ', $quotedConflictColumns) . ') DO UPDATE SET ' . implode(', ', $updates);
+        }
+
         return '';
     }
 

diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/SqliteAdapter.php b/src/Db/Adapter/SqliteAdapter.php
@@ -1702,4 +1702,28 @@ protected function getInsertPrefix(?InsertMode $mode = null): string
 
         return 'INSERT';
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the upsert clause for SQLite (ON CONFLICT ... DO UPDATE SET).
+     *
+     * @param \Migrations\Db\InsertMode|null $mode Insert mode
+     * @param array<string>|null $updateColumns Columns to update on conflict
+     * @param array<string>|null $conflictColumns Columns that define uniqueness for upsert
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected function getUpsertClause(?InsertMode $mode, ?array $updateColumns, ?array $conflictColumns = null): string
+    {
+        if ($mode !== InsertMode::UPSERT || $updateColumns === null || $conflictColumns === null) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $quotedConflictColumns = array_map($this->quoteColumnName(...), $conflictColumns);
+        $updates = [];
+        foreach ($updateColumns as $column) {
+            $quotedColumn = $this->quoteColumnName($column);
+            $updates[] = $quotedColumn . ' = excluded.' . $quotedColumn;
+        }
+
+        return ' ON CONFLICT (' . implode(', ', $quotedConflictColumns) . ') DO UPDATE SET ' . implode(', ', $updates);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Db/Adapter/SqlserverAdapter.php b/src/Db/Adapter/SqlserverAdapter.php
@@ -1007,9 +1007,14 @@ public function migrated(MigrationInterface $migration, string $direction, strin
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $sql = $this->generateInsertSql($table, $row, $mode);
+    public function insert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $row,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $sql = $this->generateInsertSql($table, $row, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         $sql = $this->updateSQLForIdentityInsert($table->getName(), $sql);
 
@@ -1033,9 +1038,14 @@ public function insert(TableMetadata $table, array $row, ?InsertMode $mode = nul
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
      */
-    public function bulkinsert(TableMetadata $table, array $rows, ?InsertMode $mode = null): void
-    {
-        $sql = $this->generateBulkInsertSql($table, $rows, $mode);
+    public function bulkinsert(
+        TableMetadata $table,
+        array $rows,
+        ?InsertMode $mode = null,
+        ?array $updateColumns = null,
+        ?array $conflictColumns = null,
+    ): void {
+        $sql = $this->generateBulkInsertSql($table, $rows, $mode, $updateColumns, $conflictColumns);
 
         $sql = $this->updateSQLForIdentityInsert($table->getName(), $sql);