Differentiate between exceptions thrown by source, destination, or normalization

[sherifnada]

Tell us about the problem you're trying to solve

Today when an exception is thrown during a sync, we don't differentiate in our tracking between which component (source/destination/normalization) threw the exception. We should do that so we can have accurate error tracking.

┆Issue is synchronized with this Asana task by Unito

[ChristopheDuong]

Related to #4342

[cgardens]

Started a spec for this: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vy2iWmiGK5gptLCJVmzYckQj24zFuwF6C_Q-YIlP0is/edit