Add test coverage improvements, Maven dev profile, and ConsoleInterceptor

[J-manLans]

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized it.
• All filenames are in PascalCase.
• All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanations.
• All new code is formatted with clang-format -i --style=file path/to/your/file.java

This PR is part of a test course project and includes the following improvements:

• Expanded test coverage for the most under-tested packages, improving overall code reliability.
• Optional Maven dev profile added to allow developers to easily switch between classes and generate reports for PIT mutation testing.
• ConsoleInterceptor implementation to simplify testing of classes that heavily rely on console input/output. (not thread-safe)
• Minor refactors to improve testability without changing core logic

Notes:

• Focus on ConsoleInterceptor usage and test coverage improvements.
• For a thread-safe version of the interceptor, it might be beneficial to consider enforcing scanners and console output via constructor injection to allow mocking of streams.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 80.39%. Comparing base (dfd8d69) to head (c047bee).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #7018      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     78.32%   80.39%   +2.06%     
- Complexity     6615     6749     +134     
============================================
  Files           746      746              
  Lines         22022    22025       +3     
  Branches       4321     4321              
============================================
+ Hits          17249    17706     +457     
+ Misses         4085     3648     -437     
+ Partials        688      671      -17     

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