refactor!: Replace lazy_static with std::sync::LazyLock

[genos]

Hello! I attended one of Quantinuum's presentations on Guppy & HUGR yesterday, and was very intrigued. Here's a small PR to remove the lazy_static dependency in favor of std::sync::LazyLock. Thanks!

Closes #2137.

BREAKING CHANGE: remove lazy_static.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 82.92%. Comparing base (de16553) to head (d5cf488).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2567      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   82.86%   82.92%   +0.05%     
==========================================
  Files         254      254              
  Lines       47694    47853     +159     
  Branches    43205    43364     +159     
==========================================
+ Hits        39524    39683     +159     
  Misses       6107     6107              
  Partials     2063     2063              

Flag	Coverage Δ
python	91.42% <ø> (ø)
rust	82.04% <100.00%> (+0.06%)	⬆️

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[hugrbot]

This PR contains breaking changes to the public Rust API.

cargo-semver-checks summary

--- failure struct_missing: pub struct removed or renamed ---

Description:
A publicly-visible struct cannot be imported by its prior path. A `pub use` may have been removed, or the struct itself may have been renamed or removed entirely.
      ref: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html#item-remove
     impl: https://github.com/obi1kenobi/cargo-semver-checks/tree/v0.44.0/src/lints/struct_missing.ron

Failed in:
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::STD_REG, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions.rs:35
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::int_types::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/int_types.rs:209
struct hugr_core::extension::prelude::PRELUDE, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/extension/prelude.rs:43
struct hugr_core::extension::PRELUDE, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/extension/prelude.rs:43
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::conversions::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/conversions.rs:174
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::int_ops::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/int_ops.rs:254
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::logic::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/logic.rs:134
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::collections::value_array::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/collections/value_array.rs:99
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::collections::borrow_array::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/collections/borrow_array.rs:290
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::collections::array::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/collections/array.rs:93
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::collections::static_array::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/collections/static_array.rs:142
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::float_types::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/float_types.rs:104
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::collections::list::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/collections/list.rs:289
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::ptr::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/ptr.rs:112
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::float_ops::EXTENSION, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/float_ops.rs:115
struct hugr_core::std_extensions::arithmetic::int_types::INT_TYPES, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/std_extensions/arithmetic/int_types.rs:49
struct hugr_core::extension::prelude::PRELUDE_REGISTRY, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/extension/prelude.rs:43
struct hugr_core::extension::PRELUDE_REGISTRY, previously in file /home/runner/work/hugr/hugr/BASELINE_BRANCH/hugr-core/src/extension/prelude.rs:43

[genos]

The rs-semver-check failure seems to be from before I updated the PR title to include the chore!: prefix. Would it be possible to rerun it?

[cqc-alec]

This is great, thanks! Still trying to figure out why the semver check is failing...