Don't retry artifact downloads on SystemError, like no space left on device

[IanButterworth]

Fixes #2928

The error that Downloads.download throws when out of space (on a Mac) is

julia> Downloads.download("https://julialang-s3.julialang.org/bin/mac/aarch64/1.10/julia-1.10.4-macaarch64.dmg", "/Volumes/RAMDisk/file")
ERROR: SystemError: flush: No space left on device
Stacktrace:
  [1] systemerror(p::String, errno::Int32; extrainfo::Nothing)
    @ Base ./error.jl:176
  [2] systemerror
    @ ./error.jl:175 [inlined]
  [3] flush(s::IOStream)
    @ Base ./iostream.jl:70
  [4] arg_write(f::Downloads.var"#8#17"{Base.DevNull, Nothing, Vector{…}, Float64, Nothing, Bool, Nothing, Bool, String, Bool, Bool}, arg::IOStream)
    @ ArgTools ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:136
  [5] #7
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:353 [inlined]
  [6] arg_read
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:76 [inlined]
  [7] request(url::String; input::Nothing, output::IOStream, method::Nothing, headers::Vector{…}, timeout::Float64, progress::Nothing, verbose::Bool, debug::Nothing, throw::Bool, downloader::Nothing)
    @ Downloads ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:352
  [8] request
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:320 [inlined]
  [9] #3
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:258 [inlined]
 [10] open(f::Downloads.var"#3#4"{…}, args::String; kwargs::@Kwargs{…})
    @ Base ./io.jl:396
 [11] open_nolock
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:35 [inlined]
 [12] arg_write(f::Function, arg::String)
    @ ArgTools ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/ArgTools/src/ArgTools.jl:103
 [13] #download#2
    @ ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:257 [inlined]
 [14] download(url::String, output::String)
    @ Downloads ~/.julia/juliaup/julia-1.10.4+0.aarch64.apple.darwin14/share/julia/stdlib/v1.10/Downloads/src/Downloads.jl:246
 [15] top-level scope
    @ REPL[2]:1
Some type information was truncated. Use `show(err)` to see complete types.

[IanButterworth]

@StefanKarpinski two thoughts:

1. Should Downloads.download throw a specific error for lack of disk space that we catch here?
2. Could we check for disk space before starting the download? Would that be possible/valid?

[DilumAluthge]

Out of curiosity, when do we think the "out of disk space" error is occurring?

1. When downloading the tar.gz file?
2. When extracting the tar.gz file?

[IanButterworth]

Logically it could be either

[StefanKarpinski]

I'd be fine with a specific error for out of disk space but maybe we should introduce it in Base and use it for all operations that can run out of disk space.