Fix ODBC Linux test segmentation fault

[alinaliBQ]

To resolve the immediate segfault in odbc test, need be on this branch, append -DARROW_TEST_LINKAGE=static to the cmake command. Then rebuild ODBC and the tests.

Description of issue:
Both Arrow Flight SQL ODBC and the ODBC test executable link to bundled gRPC, and that causes segmentation fault when the ODBC is trying to connect to a gRPC-based mock server.
The solution is to pass ARROW_TEST_LINKAGE=static for the ODBC tests on Linux, so the odbc tests on Linux link to just one set of gRPC symbols.

This PR resolves the immediate segfault at connection start up when we run the arrow-flight-sql-odbc-test executable. It doesn't fix individual ODBC test failures.

[github-actions]

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