MAINT: Skip conformance tests running with too old array API packages

[david-cortes-intel]

Description

Some tests introduced in sklearn1.8 require versions of array API packages that are not available for older python versions.

Along with bumping the python versions used for the CI jobs that test against the main branch from sklearn, it's also required to skip these problematic tests once sklearn1.8 is released.

This PR tries to deselect the tests based on python versions, but I'm not sure that it will work as intended. Currently, it seems that all of the deselections work only on versions of scikit-learn, and I'm not sure what would be the logic for deselecting based on python versions or versions of other packages instead.

Note that the actual requirement is array-api-strict>=2.4.1, which in turn requires python>=3.12.

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Checklist:

Completeness and readability

• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas.
• Git commit message contains an appropriate signed-off-by string (see CONTRIBUTING.md for details).
• I have resolved any merge conflicts that might occur with the base branch.

Testing

• All CI jobs are green or I have provided justification why they aren't.

[david-cortes-intel]

/azp run Nightly

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Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.

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[david-cortes-intel]

/azp run Nightly

[azure-pipelines]

Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

[david-cortes-intel]

This kind of syntax didn't work - tests were not skipped.

@ethanglaser Any ideas about how these conditional skips could be added?