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<h1 id="内存原理"><a href="#内存原理" class="headerlink" title="内存原理"></a>内存原理</h1><h2 id="内存映射"><a href="#内存映射" class="headerlink" title="内存映射"></a>内存映射</h2><p>Linux为每个进程提供了一个独立的虚拟地址空间，分为<strong>内核空间</strong>和<strong>用户空间</strong>，且32位和64位系统中空间范围也不同。<br><img src="/imgs/Linux/Linux%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98.png" alt="Linux虚拟内存" title="Linux虚拟内存"></p>
<p>用户态和内核态</p>
<ul>
<li>用户态：进程在用户态时,只能访问用户空间内存；</li>
<li>内核态：进入内核态后,才可以访问内核空间内存</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>内存映射</strong>将<strong>虚拟内存地址</strong>映射到<strong>物理内存地址</strong>，这个映射是通过每个进程的<strong>页表</strong>来实现的：<br><img src="/imgs/Linux/Linux%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E6%98%A0%E5%B0%84.png" alt="Linux内存映射" title="Linux内存映射"></p>
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