Replace black and blackdoc with ruff-format (#9506)

* Replace black with ruff-format

* Fix formatting mistakes moving mypy comments

* Replace black with ruff in the contributing guides

Author: Armavica

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -15,20 +15,15 @@ repos:
     # Ruff version.
     rev: 'v0.6.9'
     hooks:
+      - id: ruff-format
       - id: ruff
         args: ["--fix", "--show-fixes"]
-  # https://github.com/python/black#version-control-integration
-  - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: 24.8.0
-    hooks:
-      - id: black-jupyter
   - repo: https://github.com/keewis/blackdoc
     rev: v0.3.9
     hooks:
       - id: blackdoc
         exclude: "generate_aggregations.py"
         additional_dependencies: ["black==24.8.0"]
-      - id: blackdoc-autoupdate-black
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
     rev: v1.11.2
     hooks:

CORE_TEAM_GUIDE.md

@@ -271,8 +271,7 @@ resources such as:
    [NumPy documentation guide](https://numpy.org/devdocs/dev/howto-docs.html#documentation-style)
    for docstring conventions.
 - [`pre-commit`](https://pre-commit.com) hooks for autoformatting.
-- [`black`](https://github.com/psf/black) autoformatting.
-- [`flake8`](https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8) linting.
+- [`ruff`](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff) autoformatting and linting.
 - [python-xarray](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python-xarray) on Stack Overflow.
 - [@xarray_dev](https://twitter.com/xarray_dev) on Twitter.
 - [xarray-dev](https://discord.gg/bsSGdwBn) discord community (normally only used for remote synchronous chat during sprints).

ci/min_deps_check.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 publication date. Compare it against requirements/min-all-deps.yml to verify the
 policy on obsolete dependencies is being followed. Print a pretty report :)
 """
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import itertools
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@
 
 CHANNELS = ["conda-forge", "defaults"]
 IGNORE_DEPS = {
-    "black",
     "coveralls",
     "flake8",
     "hypothesis",

ci/requirements/all-but-dask.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ channels:
   - conda-forge
   - nodefaults
 dependencies:
-  - black
   - aiobotocore
   - array-api-strict
   - boto3

doc/contributing.rst

@@ -549,11 +549,7 @@ Code Formatting
 
 xarray uses several tools to ensure a consistent code format throughout the project:
 
-- `Black <https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ for standardized
-  code formatting,
-- `blackdoc <https://blackdoc.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ for
-  standardized code formatting in documentation,
-- `ruff <https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff/>`_ for code quality checks and standardized order in imports
+- `ruff <https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff>`_ for formatting, code quality checks and standardized order in imports
 - `absolufy-imports <https://github.com/MarcoGorelli/absolufy-imports>`_ for absolute instead of relative imports from different files,
 - `mypy <http://mypy-lang.org/>`_ for static type checking on `type hints
   <https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html>`_.
@@ -1069,7 +1065,7 @@ PR checklist
   - Test the code using `Pytest <http://doc.pytest.org/en/latest/>`_. Running all tests (type ``pytest`` in the root directory) takes a while, so feel free to only run the tests you think are needed based on your PR (example: ``pytest xarray/tests/test_dataarray.py``). CI will catch any failing tests.
   - By default, the upstream dev CI is disabled on pull request and push events. You can override this behavior per commit by adding a ``[test-upstream]`` tag to the first line of the commit message. For documentation-only commits, you can skip the CI per commit by adding a ``[skip-ci]`` tag to the first line of the commit message.
 
-- **Properly format your code** and verify that it passes the formatting guidelines set by `Black <https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ and `Flake8 <http://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/>`_. See `"Code formatting" <https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stablcontributing.html#code-formatting>`_. You can use `pre-commit <https://pre-commit.com/>`_ to run these automatically on each commit.
+- **Properly format your code** and verify that it passes the formatting guidelines set by `ruff <https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff>`_. See `"Code formatting" <https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stablcontributing.html#code-formatting>`_. You can use `pre-commit <https://pre-commit.com/>`_ to run these automatically on each commit.
 
   - Run ``pre-commit run --all-files`` in the root directory. This may modify some files. Confirm and commit any formatting changes.
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ extend-exclude = [
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 # E402: module level import not at top of file
-# E501: line too long - let black worry about that
+# E501: line too long - let the formatter worry about that
 # E731: do not assign a lambda expression, use a def
 extend-safe-fixes = [
   "TID252", # absolute imports

xarray/backends/common.py

@@ -206,13 +206,10 @@ def load(self):
         For example::
 
             class SuffixAppendingDataStore(AbstractDataStore):
-
                 def load(self):
                     variables, attributes = AbstractDataStore.load(self)
-                    variables = {'%s_suffix' % k: v
-                                 for k, v in variables.items()}
-                    attributes = {'%s_suffix' % k: v
-                                  for k, v in attributes.items()}
+                    variables = {"%s_suffix" % k: v for k, v in variables.items()}
+                    attributes = {"%s_suffix" % k: v for k, v in attributes.items()}
                     return variables, attributes
 
         This function will be called anytime variables or attributes

xarray/backends/file_manager.py

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class CachingFileManager(FileManager):
 
     Example usage::
 
-        manager = FileManager(open, 'example.txt', mode='w')
+        manager = FileManager(open, "example.txt", mode="w")
         f = manager.acquire()
         f.write(...)
         manager.close()  # ensures file is closed

xarray/backends/h5netcdf_.py

@@ -474,7 +474,6 @@ def open_datatree(
         driver_kwds=None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> DataTree:
-
         from xarray.core.datatree import DataTree
 
         groups_dict = self.open_groups_as_dict(
@@ -520,7 +519,6 @@ def open_groups_as_dict(
         driver_kwds=None,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> dict[str, Dataset]:
-
         from xarray.backends.common import _iter_nc_groups
         from xarray.core.treenode import NodePath
         from xarray.core.utils import close_on_error

xarray/backends/netCDF4_.py

@@ -710,7 +710,6 @@ def open_datatree(
         autoclose=False,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> DataTree:
-
         from xarray.core.datatree import DataTree
 
         groups_dict = self.open_groups_as_dict(