test_virtual_functions.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pytest

import env  # noqa: F401

m = pytest.importorskip("pybind11_tests.virtual_functions")
from pybind11_tests import ConstructorStats  # noqa: E402


def test_override(capture, msg):
    class ExtendedExampleVirt(m.ExampleVirt):
        def __init__(self, state):
            super(ExtendedExampleVirt, self).__init__(state + 1)
            self.data = "Hello world"

        def run(self, value):
            print("ExtendedExampleVirt::run(%i), calling parent.." % value)
            return super(ExtendedExampleVirt, self).run(value + 1)

        def run_bool(self):
            print("ExtendedExampleVirt::run_bool()")
            return False

        def get_string1(self):
            return "override1"

        def pure_virtual(self):
            print("ExtendedExampleVirt::pure_virtual(): %s" % self.data)

    class ExtendedExampleVirt2(ExtendedExampleVirt):
        def __init__(self, state):
            super(ExtendedExampleVirt2, self).__init__(state + 1)

        def get_string2(self):
            return "override2"

    ex12 = m.ExampleVirt(10)
    with capture:
        assert m.runExampleVirt(ex12, 20) == 30
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        Original implementation of ExampleVirt::run(state=10, value=20, str1=default1, str2=default2)
    """  # noqa: E501 line too long
    )

    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
        m.runExampleVirtVirtual(ex12)
    assert (
        msg(excinfo.value)
        == 'Tried to call pure virtual function "ExampleVirt::pure_virtual"'
    )

    ex12p = ExtendedExampleVirt(10)
    with capture:
        assert m.runExampleVirt(ex12p, 20) == 32
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        ExtendedExampleVirt::run(20), calling parent..
        Original implementation of ExampleVirt::run(state=11, value=21, str1=override1, str2=default2)
    """  # noqa: E501 line too long
    )
    with capture:
        assert m.runExampleVirtBool(ex12p) is False
    assert capture == "ExtendedExampleVirt::run_bool()"
    with capture:
        m.runExampleVirtVirtual(ex12p)
    assert capture == "ExtendedExampleVirt::pure_virtual(): Hello world"

    ex12p2 = ExtendedExampleVirt2(15)
    with capture:
        assert m.runExampleVirt(ex12p2, 50) == 68
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        ExtendedExampleVirt::run(50), calling parent..
        Original implementation of ExampleVirt::run(state=17, value=51, str1=override1, str2=override2)
    """  # noqa: E501 line too long
    )

    cstats = ConstructorStats.get(m.ExampleVirt)
    assert cstats.alive() == 3
    del ex12, ex12p, ex12p2
    assert cstats.alive() == 0
    assert cstats.values() == ["10", "11", "17"]
    assert cstats.copy_constructions == 0
    assert cstats.move_constructions >= 0


def test_alias_delay_initialization1(capture):
    """`A` only initializes its trampoline class when we inherit from it

    If we just create and use an A instance directly, the trampoline initialization is
    bypassed and we only initialize an A() instead (for performance reasons).
    """

    class B(m.A):
        def __init__(self):
            super(B, self).__init__()

        def f(self):
            print("In python f()")

    # C++ version
    with capture:
        a = m.A()
        m.call_f(a)
        del a
        pytest.gc_collect()
    assert capture == "A.f()"

    # Python version
    with capture:
        b = B()
        m.call_f(b)
        del b
        pytest.gc_collect()
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        PyA.PyA()
        PyA.f()
        In python f()
        PyA.~PyA()
    """
    )


def test_alias_delay_initialization2(capture):
    """`A2`, unlike the above, is configured to always initialize the alias

    While the extra initialization and extra class layer has small virtual dispatch
    performance penalty, it also allows us to do more things with the trampoline
    class such as defining local variables and performing construction/destruction.
    """

    class B2(m.A2):
        def __init__(self):
            super(B2, self).__init__()

        def f(self):
            print("In python B2.f()")

    # No python subclass version
    with capture:
        a2 = m.A2()
        m.call_f(a2)
        del a2
        pytest.gc_collect()
        a3 = m.A2(1)
        m.call_f(a3)
        del a3
        pytest.gc_collect()
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        PyA2.PyA2()
        PyA2.f()
        A2.f()
        PyA2.~PyA2()
        PyA2.PyA2()
        PyA2.f()
        A2.f()
        PyA2.~PyA2()
    """
    )

    # Python subclass version
    with capture:
        b2 = B2()
        m.call_f(b2)
        del b2
        pytest.gc_collect()
    assert (
        capture
        == """
        PyA2.PyA2()
        PyA2.f()
        In python B2.f()
        PyA2.~PyA2()
    """
    )


# PyPy: Reference count > 1 causes call with noncopyable instance
# to fail in ncv1.print_nc()
@pytest.mark.xfail("env.PYPY")
@pytest.mark.skipif(
    not hasattr(m, "NCVirt"), reason="NCVirt does not work on Intel/PGI/NVCC compilers"
)
def test_move_support():
    class NCVirtExt(m.NCVirt):
        def get_noncopyable(self, a, b):
            # Constructs and returns a new instance:
            nc = m.NonCopyable(a * a, b * b)
            return nc

        def get_movable(self, a, b):
            # Return a referenced copy
            self.movable = m.Movable(a, b)
            return self.movable

    class NCVirtExt2(m.NCVirt):
        def get_noncopyable(self, a, b):
            # Keep a reference: this is going to throw an exception
            self.nc = m.NonCopyable(a, b)
            return self.nc

        def get_movable(self, a, b):
            # Return a new instance without storing it
            return m.Movable(a, b)

    ncv1 = NCVirtExt()
    assert ncv1.print_nc(2, 3) == "36"
    assert ncv1.print_movable(4, 5) == "9"
    ncv2 = NCVirtExt2()
    assert ncv2.print_movable(7, 7) == "14"
    # Don't check the exception message here because it differs under debug/non-debug mode
    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
        ncv2.print_nc(9, 9)

    nc_stats = ConstructorStats.get(m.NonCopyable)
    mv_stats = ConstructorStats.get(m.Movable)
    assert nc_stats.alive() == 1
    assert mv_stats.alive() == 1
    del ncv1, ncv2
    assert nc_stats.alive() == 0
    assert mv_stats.alive() == 0
    assert nc_stats.values() == ["4", "9", "9", "9"]
    assert mv_stats.values() == ["4", "5", "7", "7"]
    assert nc_stats.copy_constructions == 0
    assert mv_stats.copy_constructions == 1
    assert nc_stats.move_constructions >= 0
    assert mv_stats.move_constructions >= 0


def test_dispatch_issue(msg):
    """#159: virtual function dispatch has problems with similar-named functions"""

    class PyClass1(m.DispatchIssue):
        def dispatch(self):
            return "Yay.."

    class PyClass2(m.DispatchIssue):
        def dispatch(self):
            with pytest.raises(RuntimeError) as excinfo:
                super(PyClass2, self).dispatch()
            assert (
                msg(excinfo.value)
                == 'Tried to call pure virtual function "Base::dispatch"'
            )

            return m.dispatch_issue_go(PyClass1())

    b = PyClass2()
    assert m.dispatch_issue_go(b) == "Yay.."


def test_override_ref():
    """#392/397: overriding reference-returning functions"""
    o = m.OverrideTest("asdf")

    # Not allowed (see associated .cpp comment)
    # i = o.str_ref()
    # assert o.str_ref() == "asdf"
    assert o.str_value() == "asdf"

    assert o.A_value().value == "hi"
    a = o.A_ref()
    assert a.value == "hi"
    a.value = "bye"
    assert a.value == "bye"


def test_inherited_virtuals():
    class AR(m.A_Repeat):
        def unlucky_number(self):
            return 99

    class AT(m.A_Tpl):
        def unlucky_number(self):
            return 999

    obj = AR()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "hihihi"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 99
    assert obj.say_everything() == "hi 99"

    obj = AT()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "hihihi"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 999
    assert obj.say_everything() == "hi 999"

    for obj in [m.B_Repeat(), m.B_Tpl()]:
        assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
        assert obj.unlucky_number() == 13
        assert obj.lucky_number() == 7.0
        assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 13"

    for obj in [m.C_Repeat(), m.C_Tpl()]:
        assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
        assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
        assert obj.lucky_number() == 888.0
        assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    class CR(m.C_Repeat):
        def lucky_number(self):
            return m.C_Repeat.lucky_number(self) + 1.25

    obj = CR()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
    assert obj.lucky_number() == 889.25
    assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    class CT(m.C_Tpl):
        pass

    obj = CT()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
    assert obj.lucky_number() == 888.0
    assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    class CCR(CR):
        def lucky_number(self):
            return CR.lucky_number(self) * 10

    obj = CCR()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
    assert obj.lucky_number() == 8892.5
    assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    class CCT(CT):
        def lucky_number(self):
            return CT.lucky_number(self) * 1000

    obj = CCT()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
    assert obj.lucky_number() == 888000.0
    assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    class DR(m.D_Repeat):
        def unlucky_number(self):
            return 123

        def lucky_number(self):
            return 42.0

    for obj in [m.D_Repeat(), m.D_Tpl()]:
        assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
        assert obj.unlucky_number() == 4444
        assert obj.lucky_number() == 888.0
        assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 4444"

    obj = DR()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "B says hi 3 times"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 123
    assert obj.lucky_number() == 42.0
    assert obj.say_everything() == "B says hi 1 times 123"

    class DT(m.D_Tpl):
        def say_something(self, times):
            return "DT says:" + (" quack" * times)

        def unlucky_number(self):
            return 1234

        def lucky_number(self):
            return -4.25

    obj = DT()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "DT says: quack quack quack"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == 1234
    assert obj.lucky_number() == -4.25
    assert obj.say_everything() == "DT says: quack 1234"

    class DT2(DT):
        def say_something(self, times):
            return "DT2: " + ("QUACK" * times)

        def unlucky_number(self):
            return -3

    class BT(m.B_Tpl):
        def say_something(self, times):
            return "BT" * times

        def unlucky_number(self):
            return -7

        def lucky_number(self):
            return -1.375

    obj = BT()
    assert obj.say_something(3) == "BTBTBT"
    assert obj.unlucky_number() == -7
    assert obj.lucky_number() == -1.375
    assert obj.say_everything() == "BT -7"


def test_issue_1454():
    # Fix issue #1454 (crash when acquiring/releasing GIL on another thread in Python 2.7)
    m.test_gil()
    m.test_gil_from_thread()


# Python class inheriting from C++ class ReferencePassingTest
# virtual methods modify the obj's mtxt, which should become visible in C++
# To ensure that the original object instance was passed through,
# the pointer id of the received obj is returned by all pass_*() functions
# (and compared by the C++ caller with the originally passed obj id).
class PyReferencePassingTest1(m.ReferencePassingTest):
    def __init__(self):
        m.ReferencePassingTest.__init__(self)

    def pass_valu(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_valu"
        return obj.id

    def pass_mref(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_mref"
        return obj.id

    def pass_mptr(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_mptr"
        return obj.id

    def pass_cref(self, obj):
        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # should be forbidden
            obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_cref"
        return obj.id

    def pass_cptr(self, obj):
        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # should be forbidden
            obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_cptr"
        return obj.id


# This class, in contrast to PyReferencePassingTest1, calls the base class methods as well,
# which will augment mtxt with a _MODIFIED stamp.
# These calls to the base class methods actually result in a 2nd call to the
# trampoline override dispatcher, requiring argument loading, which should pass
# references through as well, to make these tests succeed.
# argument is passed like this: C++ -> Python (call #1) -> C++ (call #2).
class PyReferencePassingTest2(m.ReferencePassingTest):
    def __init__(self):
        m.ReferencePassingTest.__init__(self)

    def pass_valu(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_valu"
        return m.ReferencePassingTest.pass_valu(self, obj)

    def pass_mref(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_mref"
        return m.ReferencePassingTest.pass_mref(self, obj)

    def pass_mptr(self, obj):
        obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_mptr"
        return m.ReferencePassingTest.pass_mptr(self, obj)

    def pass_cref(self, obj):
        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # should be forbidden
            obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_cref"
        return m.ReferencePassingTest.pass_cref(self, obj)

    def pass_cptr(self, obj):
        with pytest.raises(Exception):  # should be forbidden
            obj.mtxt = obj.mtxt + "pass_cptr"
        return m.ReferencePassingTest.pass_cptr(self, obj)


# roundtrip tests, creating a Passenger object in C++ that is passed by reference
# to a virtual method of a class derived in Python (PyReferencePassingTest1).
# If the object is correctly passed by reference, modifications should be visible
# by the C++ caller. The final obj's mtxt is returned by the check_* functions
# and validated here. Expected scheme: <func name>_[REF|COPY]
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "f, expected",
    [
        (m.check_roundtrip_valu, "_COPY"),  # modification not passed back to C++
        (m.check_roundtrip_mref, "pass_mref_REF"),
        (m.check_roundtrip_mptr, "pass_mptr_REF"),
    ],
)
def test_refpassing1_roundtrip_modifyable(f, expected):
    c = PyReferencePassingTest1()
    assert f(c) == expected


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "f, expected",
    [
        # object passed as reference, but not modified
        (m.check_roundtrip_cref, "_REF"),
        (m.check_roundtrip_cptr, "_REF"),
    ],
)
# PYPY always copies the argument (to ensure constness?)
@pytest.mark.skipif("env.PYPY")
@pytest.mark.xfail  # maintaining constness isn't implemented yet
def test_refpassing1_roundtrip_const(f, expected):
    c = PyReferencePassingTest1()
    assert f(c) == expected


# Similar test as above, but now using PyReferencePassingTest2, calling
# to the C++ base class methods as well.
# Expected mtxt scheme: <func name>_MODIFIED_[REF|COPY]
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "f, expected",
    [
        # object copied, modification not passed back to C++
        (m.check_roundtrip_valu, "_COPY"),
        (m.check_roundtrip_mref, "pass_mref_MODIFIED_REF"),
        (m.check_roundtrip_mptr, "pass_mptr_MODIFIED_REF"),
    ],
)
def test_refpassing2_roundtrip_modifyable(f, expected):
    c = PyReferencePassingTest2()
    assert f(c) == expected


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "f, expected",
    [
        # object passed as reference, but not modified
        (m.check_roundtrip_cref, "_REF"),
        (m.check_roundtrip_cptr, "_REF"),
    ],
)
# PYPY always copies the argument (to ensure constness?)
@pytest.mark.skipif("env.PYPY")
@pytest.mark.xfail  # maintaining constness isn't implemented yet
def test_refpassing2_roundtrip_const(f, expected):
    c = PyReferencePassingTest2()
    assert f(c) == expected