Stabilize the (optional) `Exception` parameter to Logger Emit

[trask]

Stabilize the (optional) Exception parameter to Logger Emit added in #4824 as part of OTEP 4430.

• API spec
• SDK spec

Implementations / Prototypes so far:

• Java: ExtendedLogRecordBuilder.setException(Throwable) - Builder method called before emit()
• .NET: LogRecordAttributeList.RecordException(Exception) - Attribute list method called before EmitLog()

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[svrnm]

Triaging this as accepted:ready since the main change has been accepted already as part of the OTEP 4430.

[trask]

More prototypes!

• feat(sdk-logs,api-logs): support exceptions in Logger API opentelemetry-js#6385
• Add logger exception support for logs API/SDK opentelemetry-python#4908

[pellared]

Go: open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go#7924