diff --git a/mmtk/Cargo.lock b/mmtk/Cargo.lock
index 598fecb3..64d81a4a 100644
--- a/mmtk/Cargo.lock
+++ b/mmtk/Cargo.lock
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
-version = "0.6.15"
+version = "0.6.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "64e15c1ab1f89faffbf04a634d5e1962e9074f2741eef6d97f3c4e322426d526"
+checksum = "8acc5369981196006228e28809f761875c0327210a891e941f4c683b3a99529b"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
  "anstyle-parse",
@@ -43,36 +43,36 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle"
-version = "1.0.8"
+version = "1.0.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1bec1de6f59aedf83baf9ff929c98f2ad654b97c9510f4e70cf6f661d49fd5b1"
+checksum = "55cc3b69f167a1ef2e161439aa98aed94e6028e5f9a59be9a6ffb47aef1651f9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-parse"
-version = "0.2.5"
+version = "0.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eb47de1e80c2b463c735db5b217a0ddc39d612e7ac9e2e96a5aed1f57616c1cb"
+checksum = "3b2d16507662817a6a20a9ea92df6652ee4f94f914589377d69f3b21bc5798a9"
 dependencies = [
  "utf8parse",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-query"
-version = "1.1.1"
+version = "1.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d36fc52c7f6c869915e99412912f22093507da8d9e942ceaf66fe4b7c14422a"
+checksum = "79947af37f4177cfead1110013d678905c37501914fba0efea834c3fe9a8d60c"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-wincon"
-version = "3.0.4"
+version = "3.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5bf74e1b6e971609db8ca7a9ce79fd5768ab6ae46441c572e46cf596f59e57f8"
+checksum = "2109dbce0e72be3ec00bed26e6a7479ca384ad226efdd66db8fa2e3a38c83125"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -108,20 +108,20 @@ checksum = "41e67cd8309bbd06cd603a9e693a784ac2e5d1e955f11286e355089fcab3047c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
-version = "1.3.0"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0c4b4d0bd25bd0b74681c0ad21497610ce1b7c91b1022cd21c80c6fbdd9476b0"
+checksum = "ace50bade8e6234aa140d9a2f552bbee1db4d353f69b8217bc503490fc1a9f26"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bindgen"
-version = "0.70.1"
+version = "0.71.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f49d8fed880d473ea71efb9bf597651e77201bdd4893efe54c9e5d65ae04ce6f"
+checksum = "360897d4f2fdeea5d32f6dac9287952ae5babdc2aad42ad787c9470a4a6e3fee"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
  "cexpr",
  "clang-sys",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.13.0",
  "log",
  "prettyplease",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "regex",
  "rustc-hash",
  "shlex",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ checksum = "b048fb63fd8b5923fc5aa7b340d8e156aec7ec02f0c78fa8a6ddc2613f6f71de"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "built"
-version = "0.7.4"
+version = "0.7.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "236e6289eda5a812bc6b53c3b024039382a2895fbbeef2d748b2931546d392c4"
+checksum = "c360505aed52b7ec96a3636c3f039d99103c37d1d9b4f7a8c743d3ea9ffcd03b"
 dependencies = [
  "git2",
 ]
@@ -155,29 +155,29 @@ checksum = "79296716171880943b8470b5f8d03aa55eb2e645a4874bdbb28adb49162e012c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytemuck"
-version = "1.17.1"
+version = "1.20.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "773d90827bc3feecfb67fab12e24de0749aad83c74b9504ecde46237b5cd24e2"
+checksum = "8b37c88a63ffd85d15b406896cc343916d7cf57838a847b3a6f2ca5d39a5695a"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytemuck_derive"
-version = "1.7.1"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0cc8b54b395f2fcfbb3d90c47b01c7f444d94d05bdeb775811dec868ac3bbc26"
+checksum = "bcfcc3cd946cb52f0bbfdbbcfa2f4e24f75ebb6c0e1002f7c25904fada18b9ec"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.1.16"
+version = "1.2.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e9d013ecb737093c0e86b151a7b837993cf9ec6c502946cfb44bedc392421e0b"
+checksum = "27f657647bcff5394bf56c7317665bbf790a137a50eaaa5c6bfbb9e27a518f2d"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
@@ -226,9 +226,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "colorchoice"
-version = "1.0.2"
+version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d3fd119d74b830634cea2a0f58bbd0d54540518a14397557951e79340abc28c0"
+checksum = "5b63caa9aa9397e2d9480a9b13673856c78d8ac123288526c37d7839f2a86990"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "core-foundation-sys"
@@ -300,7 +300,18 @@ checksum = "4e018fccbeeb50ff26562ece792ed06659b9c2dae79ece77c4456bb10d9bf79b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "displaydoc"
+version = "0.2.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "97369cbbc041bc366949bc74d34658d6cda5621039731c6310521892a3a20ae0"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -332,7 +343,7 @@ checksum = "f282cfdfe92516eb26c2af8589c274c7c17681f5ecc03c18255fe741c6aa64eb"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -412,9 +423,9 @@ checksum = "9a3a5bfb195931eeb336b2a7b4d761daec841b97f947d34394601737a7bba5e4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "iana-time-zone"
-version = "0.1.60"
+version = "0.1.61"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e7ffbb5a1b541ea2561f8c41c087286cc091e21e556a4f09a8f6cbf17b69b141"
+checksum = "235e081f3925a06703c2d0117ea8b91f042756fd6e7a6e5d901e8ca1a996b220"
 dependencies = [
  "android_system_properties",
  "core-foundation-sys",
@@ -433,14 +444,143 @@ dependencies = [
  "cc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_collections"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db2fa452206ebee18c4b5c2274dbf1de17008e874b4dc4f0aea9d01ca79e4526"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "13acbb8371917fc971be86fc8057c41a64b521c184808a698c02acc242dbf637"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "litemap",
+ "tinystr",
+ "writeable",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "01d11ac35de8e40fdeda00d9e1e9d92525f3f9d887cdd7aa81d727596788b54e"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_locid_transform_data",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "tinystr",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_locid_transform_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fdc8ff3388f852bede6b579ad4e978ab004f139284d7b28715f773507b946f6e"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_normalizer"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "19ce3e0da2ec68599d193c93d088142efd7f9c5d6fc9b803774855747dc6a84f"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_collections",
+ "icu_normalizer_data",
+ "icu_properties",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "smallvec",
+ "utf16_iter",
+ "utf8_iter",
+ "write16",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_normalizer_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f8cafbf7aa791e9b22bec55a167906f9e1215fd475cd22adfcf660e03e989516"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_properties"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93d6020766cfc6302c15dbbc9c8778c37e62c14427cb7f6e601d849e092aeef5"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_collections",
+ "icu_locid_transform",
+ "icu_properties_data",
+ "icu_provider",
+ "tinystr",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_properties_data"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "67a8effbc3dd3e4ba1afa8ad918d5684b8868b3b26500753effea8d2eed19569"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_provider"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6ed421c8a8ef78d3e2dbc98a973be2f3770cb42b606e3ab18d6237c4dfde68d9"
+dependencies = [
+ "displaydoc",
+ "icu_locid",
+ "icu_provider_macros",
+ "stable_deref_trait",
+ "tinystr",
+ "writeable",
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "icu_provider_macros"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1ec89e9337638ecdc08744df490b221a7399bf8d164eb52a665454e60e075ad6"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "idna"
-version = "0.5.0"
+version = "1.0.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "686f825264d630750a544639377bae737628043f20d38bbc029e8f29ea968a7e"
+dependencies = [
+ "idna_adapter",
+ "smallvec",
+ "utf8_iter",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "idna_adapter"
+version = "1.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "634d9b1461af396cad843f47fdba5597a4f9e6ddd4bfb6ff5d85028c25cb12f6"
+checksum = "daca1df1c957320b2cf139ac61e7bd64fed304c5040df000a745aa1de3b4ef71"
 dependencies = [
- "unicode-bidi",
- "unicode-normalization",
+ "icu_normalizer",
+ "icu_properties",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -451,7 +591,7 @@ checksum = "261f68e344040fbd0edea105bef17c66edf46f984ddb1115b775ce31be948f4b"
 dependencies = [
  "hermit-abi 0.4.0",
  "libc",
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -469,6 +609,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "either",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "itertools"
+version = "0.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "413ee7dfc52ee1a4949ceeb7dbc8a33f2d6c088194d9f922fb8318faf1f01186"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "jobserver"
 version = "0.1.32"
@@ -480,10 +629,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.70"
+version = "0.3.76"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1868808506b929d7b0cfa8f75951347aa71bb21144b7791bae35d9bccfcfe37a"
+checksum = "6717b6b5b077764fb5966237269cb3c64edddde4b14ce42647430a78ced9e7b7"
 dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
 
@@ -495,9 +645,9 @@ checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.158"
+version = "0.2.167"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d8adc4bb1803a324070e64a98ae98f38934d91957a99cfb3a43dcbc01bc56439"
+checksum = "09d6582e104315a817dff97f75133544b2e094ee22447d2acf4a74e189ba06fc"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libgit2-sys"
@@ -513,9 +663,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libloading"
-version = "0.8.5"
+version = "0.8.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4979f22fdb869068da03c9f7528f8297c6fd2606bc3a4affe42e6a823fdb8da4"
+checksum = "fc2f4eb4bc735547cfed7c0a4922cbd04a4655978c09b54f1f7b228750664c34"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "windows-targets",
@@ -533,6 +683,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "vcpkg",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "litemap"
+version = "0.7.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4ee93343901ab17bd981295f2cf0026d4ad018c7c31ba84549a4ddbb47a45104"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lock_api"
 version = "0.4.12"
@@ -572,8 +728,8 @@ checksum = "68354c5c6bd36d73ff3feceb05efa59b6acb7626617f4962be322a825e61f79a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mmtk"
-version = "0.27.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git?rev=de10fa4c3bc0a2a5010b9ce04a540c63b14dc214#de10fa4c3bc0a2a5010b9ce04a540c63b14dc214"
+version = "0.29.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git?rev=2e548e5912ec195cce8d12811902a8617c4143e2#2e548e5912ec195cce8d12811902a8617c4143e2"
 dependencies = [
  "atomic 0.6.0",
  "atomic-traits",
@@ -587,7 +743,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "enum-map",
  "env_logger",
  "is-terminal",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.12.1",
  "lazy_static",
  "libc",
  "log",
@@ -626,13 +782,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mmtk-macros"
-version = "0.27.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git?rev=de10fa4c3bc0a2a5010b9ce04a540c63b14dc214#de10fa4c3bc0a2a5010b9ce04a540c63b14dc214"
+version = "0.29.0"
+source = "git+https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git?rev=2e548e5912ec195cce8d12811902a8617c4143e2#2e548e5912ec195cce8d12811902a8617c4143e2"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-error",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -675,9 +831,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
-version = "1.19.0"
+version = "1.20.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3fdb12b2476b595f9358c5161aa467c2438859caa136dec86c26fdd2efe17b92"
+checksum = "1261fe7e33c73b354eab43b1273a57c8f967d0391e80353e51f764ac02cf6775"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "percent-encoding"
@@ -687,24 +843,24 @@ checksum = "e3148f5046208a5d56bcfc03053e3ca6334e51da8dfb19b6cdc8b306fae3283e"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pkg-config"
-version = "0.3.30"
+version = "0.3.31"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d231b230927b5e4ad203db57bbcbee2802f6bce620b1e4a9024a07d94e2907ec"
+checksum = "953ec861398dccce10c670dfeaf3ec4911ca479e9c02154b3a215178c5f566f2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "portable-atomic"
-version = "1.7.0"
+version = "1.10.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "da544ee218f0d287a911e9c99a39a8c9bc8fcad3cb8db5959940044ecfc67265"
+checksum = "280dc24453071f1b63954171985a0b0d30058d287960968b9b2aca264c8d4ee6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "prettyplease"
-version = "0.2.22"
+version = "0.2.25"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "479cf940fbbb3426c32c5d5176f62ad57549a0bb84773423ba8be9d089f5faba"
+checksum = "64d1ec885c64d0457d564db4ec299b2dae3f9c02808b8ad9c3a089c591b18033"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -739,9 +895,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.86"
+version = "1.0.92"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e719e8df665df0d1c8fbfd238015744736151d4445ec0836b8e628aae103b77"
+checksum = "37d3544b3f2748c54e147655edb5025752e2303145b5aefb3c3ea2c78b973bb0"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -777,9 +933,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex"
-version = "1.10.6"
+version = "1.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4219d74c6b67a3654a9fbebc4b419e22126d13d2f3c4a07ee0cb61ff79a79619"
+checksum = "b544ef1b4eac5dc2db33ea63606ae9ffcfac26c1416a2806ae0bf5f56b201191"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
@@ -789,9 +945,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-automata"
-version = "0.4.7"
+version = "0.4.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38caf58cc5ef2fed281f89292ef23f6365465ed9a41b7a7754eb4e26496c92df"
+checksum = "809e8dc61f6de73b46c85f4c96486310fe304c434cfa43669d7b40f711150908"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
@@ -800,15 +956,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-syntax"
-version = "0.8.4"
+version = "0.8.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7a66a03ae7c801facd77a29370b4faec201768915ac14a721ba36f20bc9c209b"
+checksum = "2b15c43186be67a4fd63bee50d0303afffcef381492ebe2c5d87f324e1b8815c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc-hash"
-version = "1.1.0"
+version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "08d43f7aa6b08d49f382cde6a7982047c3426db949b1424bc4b7ec9ae12c6ce2"
+checksum = "c7fb8039b3032c191086b10f11f319a6e99e1e82889c5cc6046f515c9db1d497"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc_version"
@@ -821,9 +977,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustversion"
-version = "1.0.17"
+version = "1.0.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "955d28af4278de8121b7ebeb796b6a45735dc01436d898801014aced2773a3d6"
+checksum = "0e819f2bc632f285be6d7cd36e25940d45b2391dd6d9b939e79de557f7014248"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "scopeguard"
@@ -837,12 +993,38 @@ version = "1.0.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "61697e0a1c7e512e84a621326239844a24d8207b4669b41bc18b32ea5cbf988b"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "serde"
+version = "1.0.215"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6513c1ad0b11a9376da888e3e0baa0077f1aed55c17f50e7b2397136129fb88f"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_derive"
+version = "1.0.215"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ad1e866f866923f252f05c889987993144fb74e722403468a4ebd70c3cd756c0"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "shlex"
 version = "1.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0fda2ff0d084019ba4d7c6f371c95d8fd75ce3524c3cb8fb653a3023f6323e64"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "smallvec"
+version = "1.13.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3c5e1a9a646d36c3599cd173a41282daf47c44583ad367b8e6837255952e5c67"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "spin"
 version = "0.9.8"
@@ -852,6 +1034,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "lock_api",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "stable_deref_trait"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a8f112729512f8e442d81f95a8a7ddf2b7c6b8a1a6f509a95864142b30cab2d3"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "static_assertions"
 version = "1.1.0"
@@ -874,7 +1062,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "rustversion",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -889,15 +1077,26 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.77"
+version = "2.0.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9f35bcdf61fd8e7be6caf75f429fdca8beb3ed76584befb503b1569faee373ed"
+checksum = "919d3b74a5dd0ccd15aeb8f93e7006bd9e14c295087c9896a110f490752bcf31"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "synstructure"
+version = "0.13.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8af7666ab7b6390ab78131fb5b0fce11d6b7a6951602017c35fa82800708971"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "sysinfo"
 version = "0.30.13"
@@ -915,61 +1114,53 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thread-id"
-version = "4.2.2"
+version = "5.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cfe8f25bbdd100db7e1d34acf7fd2dc59c4bf8f7483f505eaa7d4f12f76cc0ea"
+checksum = "99043e46c5a15af379c06add30d9c93a6c0e8849de00d244c4a2c417da128d80"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "winapi",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "tinyvec"
-version = "1.8.0"
+name = "tinystr"
+version = "0.7.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "445e881f4f6d382d5f27c034e25eb92edd7c784ceab92a0937db7f2e9471b938"
+checksum = "9117f5d4db391c1cf6927e7bea3db74b9a1c1add8f7eda9ffd5364f40f57b82f"
 dependencies = [
- "tinyvec_macros",
+ "displaydoc",
+ "zerovec",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "tinyvec_macros"
-version = "0.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1f3ccbac311fea05f86f61904b462b55fb3df8837a366dfc601a0161d0532f20"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-bidi"
-version = "0.3.15"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "08f95100a766bf4f8f28f90d77e0a5461bbdb219042e7679bebe79004fed8d75"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
-version = "1.0.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3354b9ac3fae1ff6755cb6db53683adb661634f67557942dea4facebec0fee4b"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "unicode-normalization"
-version = "0.1.23"
+version = "1.0.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a56d1686db2308d901306f92a263857ef59ea39678a5458e7cb17f01415101f5"
-dependencies = [
- "tinyvec",
-]
+checksum = "adb9e6ca4f869e1180728b7950e35922a7fc6397f7b641499e8f3ef06e50dc83"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "url"
-version = "2.5.2"
+version = "2.5.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "22784dbdf76fdde8af1aeda5622b546b422b6fc585325248a2bf9f5e41e94d6c"
+checksum = "32f8b686cadd1473f4bd0117a5d28d36b1ade384ea9b5069a1c40aefed7fda60"
 dependencies = [
  "form_urlencoded",
  "idna",
  "percent-encoding",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "utf16_iter"
+version = "1.0.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c8232dd3cdaed5356e0f716d285e4b40b932ac434100fe9b7e0e8e935b9e6246"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "utf8_iter"
+version = "1.0.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b6c140620e7ffbb22c2dee59cafe6084a59b5ffc27a8859a5f0d494b5d52b6be"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "utf8parse"
 version = "0.2.2"
@@ -990,9 +1181,9 @@ checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.93"
+version = "0.2.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a82edfc16a6c469f5f44dc7b571814045d60404b55a0ee849f9bcfa2e63dd9b5"
+checksum = "a474f6281d1d70c17ae7aa6a613c87fce69a127e2624002df63dcb39d6cf6396"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "once_cell",
@@ -1001,24 +1192,23 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
-version = "0.2.93"
+version = "0.2.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9de396da306523044d3302746f1208fa71d7532227f15e347e2d93e4145dd77b"
+checksum = "5f89bb38646b4f81674e8f5c3fb81b562be1fd936d84320f3264486418519c79"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "log",
- "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.93"
+version = "0.2.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "585c4c91a46b072c92e908d99cb1dcdf95c5218eeb6f3bf1efa991ee7a68cccf"
+checksum = "2cc6181fd9a7492eef6fef1f33961e3695e4579b9872a6f7c83aee556666d4fe"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -1026,22 +1216,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.93"
+version = "0.2.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "afc340c74d9005395cf9dd098506f7f44e38f2b4a21c6aaacf9a105ea5e1e836"
+checksum = "30d7a95b763d3c45903ed6c81f156801839e5ee968bb07e534c44df0fcd330c2"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.77",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.93"
+version = "0.2.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c62a0a307cb4a311d3a07867860911ca130c3494e8c2719593806c08bc5d0484"
+checksum = "943aab3fdaaa029a6e0271b35ea10b72b943135afe9bffca82384098ad0e06a6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi"
@@ -1093,6 +1283,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-targets",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.59.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-targets"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -1156,3 +1355,82 @@ name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "write16"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d1890f4022759daae28ed4fe62859b1236caebfc61ede2f63ed4e695f3f6d936"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "writeable"
+version = "0.5.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1e9df38ee2d2c3c5948ea468a8406ff0db0b29ae1ffde1bcf20ef305bcc95c51"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "yoke"
+version = "0.7.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "120e6aef9aa629e3d4f52dc8cc43a015c7724194c97dfaf45180d2daf2b77f40"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "stable_deref_trait",
+ "yoke-derive",
+ "zerofrom",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "yoke-derive"
+version = "0.7.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2380878cad4ac9aac1e2435f3eb4020e8374b5f13c296cb75b4620ff8e229154"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+ "synstructure",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerofrom"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cff3ee08c995dee1859d998dea82f7374f2826091dd9cd47def953cae446cd2e"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerofrom-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerofrom-derive"
+version = "0.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "595eed982f7d355beb85837f651fa22e90b3c044842dc7f2c2842c086f295808"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+ "synstructure",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerovec"
+version = "0.10.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "aa2b893d79df23bfb12d5461018d408ea19dfafe76c2c7ef6d4eba614f8ff079"
+dependencies = [
+ "yoke",
+ "zerofrom",
+ "zerovec-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerovec-derive"
+version = "0.10.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6eafa6dfb17584ea3e2bd6e76e0cc15ad7af12b09abdd1ca55961bed9b1063c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.90",
+]
diff --git a/mmtk/Cargo.toml b/mmtk/Cargo.toml
index 54940331..80bc6c64 100644
--- a/mmtk/Cargo.toml
+++ b/mmtk/Cargo.toml
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ lazy_static = "1.1"
 # - change branch
 # - change repo name
 # But other changes including adding/removing whitespaces in commented lines may break the CI
-mmtk = { git = "https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git", rev = "de10fa4c3bc0a2a5010b9ce04a540c63b14dc214" }
+mmtk = { git = "https://github.com/mmtk/mmtk-core.git", rev = "2e548e5912ec195cce8d12811902a8617c4143e2" }
 # Uncomment the following to build locally
 # mmtk = { path = "../repos/mmtk-core" }
 log = {version = "0.4", features = ["max_level_trace", "release_max_level_off"] }
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ memoffset = "*"
 # ykstackmaps = { git = "https://github.com/udesou/ykstackmaps.git", branch = "udesou-master", version = "*" }
 
 [features]
-default = ["mmtk/vm_space", "julia_copy_stack", "object_pinning", "is_mmtk_object"]
+default = ["mmtk/vm_space", "julia_copy_stack", "object_pinning", "is_mmtk_object", "mmtk/vo_bit_access"]
 
 # Plans
 nogc = []
diff --git a/mmtk/src/api.rs b/mmtk/src/api.rs
index 641f5f22..90c8912c 100644
--- a/mmtk/src/api.rs
+++ b/mmtk/src/api.rs
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ fn set_side_vo_bit_for_region(start: Address, size: usize) {
         size
     );
 
-    crate::vo_bit::bulk_update_vo_bit(start, size)
+    mmtk::util::metadata::vo_bit::VO_BIT_SIDE_METADATA_SPEC.bset_metadata(start, size);
 }
 
 #[no_mangle]
diff --git a/mmtk/src/lib.rs b/mmtk/src/lib.rs
index 2151f407..72e9d541 100644
--- a/mmtk/src/lib.rs
+++ b/mmtk/src/lib.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ pub mod reference_glue;
 pub mod scanning;
 pub mod slots;
 pub mod util;
-mod vo_bit;
 
 pub mod julia_finalizer;
 pub mod julia_scanning;
diff --git a/mmtk/src/vo_bit.rs b/mmtk/src/vo_bit.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f5d3ba2..00000000
--- a/mmtk/src/vo_bit.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,161 +0,0 @@
-use crate::api::MMTK_SIDE_VO_BIT_BASE_ADDRESS;
-use core::sync::atomic::Ordering;
-use mmtk::util::Address;
-use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU8;
-
-// This module is a duplicate of MMTK core's side metadata to allow bulk setting for VO bit.
-// The problem is that VO bit is internal to MMTk core, and we cannot access VO bit.
-// FIXME: We should consider refactoring MMTk core to either expose `SideMetadataSpec` for VO bit,
-//        or allow the binding to construct `SideMetadataSpec` for VO bit. For either case, we can
-//        remove this module and remove this code duplication.
-
-// Functions to set the side metadata for the VO bit (copied from mmtk-core)
-pub const VO_BIT_LOG_NUM_OF_BITS: i32 = 0;
-pub const VO_BIT_LOG_BYTES_PER_REGION: usize = mmtk::util::constants::LOG_MIN_OBJECT_SIZE as usize;
-
-pub fn bulk_update_vo_bit(start: Address, size: usize) {
-    // Update bits for a contiguous side metadata spec. We can simply calculate the data end address, and
-    // calculate the metadata address for the data end.
-    let update_contiguous = |data_start: Address, data_bytes: usize| {
-        if data_bytes == 0 {
-            return;
-        }
-        let meta_start = address_to_meta_address(data_start);
-        let meta_start_shift = meta_byte_lshift(data_start);
-        let meta_end = address_to_meta_address(data_start + data_bytes);
-        let meta_end_shift = meta_byte_lshift(data_start + data_bytes);
-        set_meta_bits(meta_start, meta_start_shift, meta_end, meta_end_shift);
-    };
-
-    // VO bit is global
-    update_contiguous(start, size);
-}
-
-/// Performs the translation of data address (`data_addr`) to metadata address for the specified metadata (`metadata_spec`).
-pub fn address_to_meta_address(data_addr: Address) -> Address {
-    #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "32")]
-    let res = {
-        if metadata_spec.is_global {
-            address_to_contiguous_meta_address(metadata_spec, data_addr)
-        } else {
-            address_to_chunked_meta_address(metadata_spec, data_addr)
-        }
-    };
-    #[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
-    let res = { address_to_contiguous_meta_address(data_addr) };
-
-    res
-}
-
-/// Performs address translation in contiguous metadata spaces (e.g. global and policy-specific in 64-bits, and global in 32-bits)
-pub fn address_to_contiguous_meta_address(data_addr: Address) -> Address {
-    let rshift = (mmtk::util::constants::LOG_BITS_IN_BYTE as i32) - VO_BIT_LOG_NUM_OF_BITS;
-
-    if rshift >= 0 {
-        MMTK_SIDE_VO_BIT_BASE_ADDRESS + ((data_addr >> VO_BIT_LOG_BYTES_PER_REGION) >> rshift)
-    } else {
-        MMTK_SIDE_VO_BIT_BASE_ADDRESS + ((data_addr >> VO_BIT_LOG_BYTES_PER_REGION) << (-rshift))
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn meta_byte_lshift(data_addr: Address) -> u8 {
-    if VO_BIT_LOG_NUM_OF_BITS >= 3 {
-        return 0;
-    }
-    let rem_shift = mmtk::util::constants::BITS_IN_WORD as i32
-        - ((mmtk::util::constants::LOG_BITS_IN_BYTE as i32) - VO_BIT_LOG_NUM_OF_BITS);
-    ((((data_addr >> VO_BIT_LOG_BYTES_PER_REGION) << rem_shift) >> rem_shift)
-        << VO_BIT_LOG_NUM_OF_BITS) as u8
-}
-
-/// This method is used for bulk updating side metadata for a data address range. As we cannot guarantee
-/// that the data address range can be mapped to whole metadata bytes, we have to deal with cases that
-/// we need to mask and zero certain bits in a metadata byte. The end address and the end bit are exclusive.
-/// The end bit for update_bits could be 8, so overflowing needs to be taken care of.
-pub fn update_meta_bits(
-    meta_start_addr: Address,
-    meta_start_bit: u8,
-    meta_end_addr: Address,
-    meta_end_bit: u8,
-    update_bytes: &impl Fn(Address, Address),
-    update_bits: &impl Fn(Address, u8, u8),
-) {
-    // Start/end is the same, we don't need to do anything.
-    if meta_start_addr == meta_end_addr && meta_start_bit == meta_end_bit {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // zeroing bytes
-    if meta_start_bit == 0 && meta_end_bit == 0 {
-        update_bytes(meta_start_addr, meta_end_addr);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if meta_start_addr == meta_end_addr {
-        // Update bits in the same byte between start and end bit
-        update_bits(meta_start_addr, meta_start_bit, meta_end_bit);
-    } else if meta_start_addr + 1usize == meta_end_addr && meta_end_bit == 0 {
-        // Update bits in the same byte after the start bit (between start bit and 8)
-        update_bits(meta_start_addr, meta_start_bit, 8);
-    } else {
-        // update bits in the first byte
-        update_meta_bits(
-            meta_start_addr,
-            meta_start_bit,
-            meta_start_addr + 1usize,
-            0,
-            update_bytes,
-            update_bits,
-        );
-        // update bytes in the middle
-        update_meta_bits(
-            meta_start_addr + 1usize,
-            0,
-            meta_end_addr,
-            0,
-            update_bytes,
-            update_bits,
-        );
-        // update bits in the last byte
-        update_meta_bits(
-            meta_end_addr,
-            0,
-            meta_end_addr,
-            meta_end_bit,
-            update_bytes,
-            update_bits,
-        );
-    }
-}
-
-/// This method is used for bulk setting side metadata for a data address range.
-pub fn set_meta_bits(
-    meta_start_addr: Address,
-    meta_start_bit: u8,
-    meta_end_addr: Address,
-    meta_end_bit: u8,
-) {
-    let set_bytes = |start: Address, end: Address| {
-        set(start, 0xff, end - start);
-    };
-    let set_bits = |addr: Address, start_bit: u8, end_bit: u8| {
-        // we are setting selected bits in one byte
-        let mask: u8 = !(u8::MAX.checked_shl(end_bit.into()).unwrap_or(0)) & (u8::MAX << start_bit); // Get a mask that the bits we need to set are 1, and the other bits are 0.
-        unsafe { addr.as_ref::<AtomicU8>() }.fetch_or(mask, Ordering::SeqCst);
-    };
-    update_meta_bits(
-        meta_start_addr,
-        meta_start_bit,
-        meta_end_addr,
-        meta_end_bit,
-        &set_bytes,
-        &set_bits,
-    );
-}
-
-/// Set a range of memory to the given value. Similar to memset.
-pub fn set(start: Address, val: u8, len: usize) {
-    unsafe {
-        std::ptr::write_bytes::<u8>(start.to_mut_ptr(), val, len);
-    }
-}