diff --git a/.github/workflows/auto-merge-inner.yml b/.github/workflows/auto-merge-inner.yml
index 64acbb98bc..f0a0db22f1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/auto-merge-inner.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/auto-merge-inner.yml
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ on:
       ref:
         required: true
         type: string
+      # The upstream branch where the binding PR is targeting, such as master, dev
+      base_ref:
+        required: true
+        type: string
       # The core commit hash that the binding should be using.
       core_commit:
         required: true
@@ -35,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Check input conditions
         id: check-input
         run: |
-          if [[ "${{ inputs.repo }}" == ${{ inputs.base_repo }} ]] && [[ "${{ inputs.ref }}" == "master" ]]; then
+          if [[ "${{ inputs.repo }}" == ${{ inputs.base_repo }} ]] && [[ "${{ inputs.ref }}" == "${{ inputs.base_ref }}" ]]; then
             echo "Conditions not met"
             echo "skip=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           else
diff --git a/.github/workflows/auto-merge.yml b/.github/workflows/auto-merge.yml
index 9bb5b7af9c..dbed685acd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/auto-merge.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/auto-merge.yml
@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: [get-merged-pr, binding-refs]
     with:
       repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_repo }}
-      base_repo: mmtk/mmtk-openjdk
+      base_repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_repo_default }}
       ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_ref }}
+      base_ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_ref_default }}
       core_commit: ${{ needs.get-merged-pr.outputs.commit }}
       update_lockfile: cargo build
     secrets: inherit
@@ -47,8 +48,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: [get-merged-pr, binding-refs]
     with:
       repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_repo }}
-      base_repo: mmtk/mmtk-jikesrvm
+      base_repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_repo_default }}
       ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_ref }}
+      base_ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_ref_default }}
       core_commit: ${{ needs.get-merged-pr.outputs.commit }}
       # `cargo generate-lockfile` will update other dependencies. We avoid using it for the bindings.
       # But we do not have a good option for JikesRVM. The Rust project in JikesRVM needs some source files
@@ -62,8 +64,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: [get-merged-pr, binding-refs]
     with:
       repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_repo }}
-      base_repo: mmtk/mmtk-v8
+      base_repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_repo_default }}
       ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_ref }}
+      base_ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_ref_default }}
       core_commit: ${{ needs.get-merged-pr.outputs.commit }}
       update_lockfile: cargo build --features nogc
     secrets: inherit
@@ -73,10 +76,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [get-merged-pr, binding-refs]
     with:
       repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_repo }}
-      base_repo: mmtk/mmtk-julia
+      base_repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_repo_default }}
       ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_ref }}
+      base_ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_ref_default }}
       core_commit: ${{ needs.get-merged-pr.outputs.commit }}
-      update_lockfile: cargo build --features immix
+      # `cargo generate-lockfile` will update other dependencies. We avoid using it for the bindings.
+      # mmtk-julia uses bindgen during building and requires the Julia repo. This is a similar situation
+      # as mmtk-jikesrvm. To make thigns simpler, we just use `cargo generate-lockfile`.
+      update_lockfile: cargo generate-lockfile
     secrets: inherit
 
   check-merge-ruby-pr:
@@ -84,8 +91,9 @@ jobs:
     needs: [get-merged-pr, binding-refs]
     with:
       repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_repo }}
-      base_repo: mmtk/mmtk-ruby
+      base_repo: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_repo_default }}
       ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_ref }}
+      base_ref: ${{ needs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_ref_default }}
       core_commit: ${{ needs.get-merged-pr.outputs.commit }}
       update_lockfile: cargo build
     secrets: inherit
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pr-binding-refs.yml b/.github/workflows/pr-binding-refs.yml
index a1f5b9e67b..265796d8d1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pr-binding-refs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pr-binding-refs.yml
@@ -38,33 +38,67 @@ on:
       openjdk_binding_repo:
         description: "The repository of OpenJDK binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_repo}}
+      openjdk_binding_repo_default:
+        description: "The default repository of OpenJDK binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_repo_default }}
       openjdk_binding_ref:
         description: "The git ref of OpenJDK binding, such as sha and branch name"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_ref}}
+      openjdk_binding_ref_default:
+        description: "The default git ref of OpenJDK binding, such as sha and branch name"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.openjdk_binding_ref_default }}
+
       jikesrvm_binding_repo:
         description: "The repository of JikesRVM binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_repo}}
+      jikesrvm_binding_repo_default:
+        description: "The default repository of JikesRVM binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_repo_default }}
       jikesrvm_binding_ref:
         description: "The git ref of JikesRVM binding, such as sha and branch name"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_ref}}
+      jikesrvm_binding_ref_default:
+        description: "The default git ref of JikesRVM binding, such as sha and branch name"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_ref_default }}
+
       v8_binding_repo:
         description: "The repository of V8 binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_repo}}
+      v8_binding_repo_default:
+        description: "The default repository of V8 binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_repo_default }}
       v8_binding_ref:
         description: "The git ref of V8 binding, such as sha and branch name"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_ref}}
+      v8_binding_ref_default:
+        description: "The default git ref of V8 binding, such as sha and branch name"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.v8_binding_ref_default }}
+
       julia_binding_repo:
         description: "The repository of Julia binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_repo}}
+      julia_binding_repo_default:
+        description: "The default repository of Julia binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_repo_default }}
       julia_binding_ref:
         description: "The git ref of Julia binding, such as sha and branch name"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_ref}}
+      julia_binding_ref_default:
+        description: "The default git ref of Julia binding, such as sha and branch name"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.julia_binding_ref_default }}
+
       ruby_binding_repo:
         description: "The repository of Ruby binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_repo}}
+      ruby_binding_repo_default:
+        description: "The default repository of Ruby binding, such as {user}/{repo}"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_repo_default }}
       ruby_binding_ref:
         description: "The git ref of Ruby binding, such as sha and branch name"
         value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_ref}}
+      ruby_binding_ref_default:
+        description: "The default git ref of Ruby binding, such as sha and branch name"
+        value: ${{ jobs.binding-refs.outputs.ruby_binding_ref_default }}
 
 jobs:
   binding-refs:
@@ -82,15 +116,25 @@ jobs:
       RUBY_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT: master
     outputs:
         openjdk_binding_repo: ${{ steps.print.outputs.openjdk_binding_repo }}
+        openjdk_binding_repo_default: ${{ env.OPENJDK_BINDING_REPO_DEFAULT }}
         openjdk_binding_ref: ${{ steps.print.outputs.openjdk_binding_ref }}
+        openjdk_binding_ref_default: ${{ env.OPENJDK_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT }}
         jikesrvm_binding_repo: ${{ steps.print.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_repo }}
+        jikesrvm_binding_repo_default: ${{ env.JIKESRVM_BINDING_REPO_DEFAULT }}
         jikesrvm_binding_ref: ${{ steps.print.outputs.jikesrvm_binding_ref }}
+        jikesrvm_binding_ref_default: ${{ env.JIKESRVM_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT }}
         v8_binding_repo: ${{ steps.print.outputs.v8_binding_repo }}
+        v8_binding_repo_default: ${{ env.V8_BINDING_REPO_DEFAULT }}
         v8_binding_ref: ${{ steps.print.outputs.v8_binding_ref }}
+        v8_binding_ref_default: ${{ env.V8_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT }}
         julia_binding_repo: ${{ steps.print.outputs.julia_binding_repo }}
+        julia_binding_repo_default: ${{ env.JULIA_BINDING_REPO_DEFAULT }}
         julia_binding_ref: ${{ steps.print.outputs.julia_binding_ref }}
+        julia_binding_ref_default: ${{ env.JULIA_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT }}
         ruby_binding_repo: ${{ steps.print.outputs.ruby_binding_repo }}
+        ruby_binding_repo_default: ${{ env.RUBY_BINDING_REPO_DEFAULT }}
         ruby_binding_ref: ${{ steps.print.outputs.ruby_binding_ref }}
+        ruby_binding_ref_default: ${{ env.RUBY_BINDING_REF_DEFAULT }}
     steps:
         - name: Check binding revisions
           uses: qinsoon/comment-env-vars@1.1.0