diff --git a/src/test/lib/HandshakeTest.cpp b/src/test/lib/HandshakeTest.cpp
index cdb55b65b4..5ae60c1967 100644
--- a/src/test/lib/HandshakeTest.cpp
+++ b/src/test/lib/HandshakeTest.cpp
@@ -4100,8 +4100,51 @@ QuicTestHandshakeSpecificLossPatterns(
     }
 }
 
+QUIC_STATUS
+ConnectionPoolServerConnectionCallback(
+    _In_ MsQuicConnection* /* Connection */,
+    _In_opt_ void* /* Context */,
+    _Inout_ QUIC_CONNECTION_EVENT* Event
+    )
+{
+    if (Event->Type == QUIC_CONNECTION_EVENT_PEER_STREAM_STARTED) {
+        auto Stream =
+            new(std::nothrow) MsQuicStream(
+                Event->PEER_STREAM_STARTED.Stream,
+                CleanUpAutoDelete,
+                [](MsQuicStream* Stream, void*, QUIC_STREAM_EVENT* Event){
+                    if (Event->Type == QUIC_STREAM_EVENT_RECEIVE) {
+                        auto SendBuffer = new (std::nothrow) QUIC_BUFFER[Event->RECEIVE.BufferCount + 1];
+                        // The first QUIC_BUFFER is a dummy to store the total buffer length
+                        SendBuffer[0].Buffer = nullptr;
+                        SendBuffer[0].Length = (uint32_t)Event->RECEIVE.TotalBufferLength;
+                        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < Event->RECEIVE.BufferCount; i++) {
+                            SendBuffer[i + 1] = Event->RECEIVE.Buffers[i];
+                        }
+                        auto Status= Stream->Send(&SendBuffer[1], Event->RECEIVE.BufferCount, QUIC_SEND_FLAG_FIN, SendBuffer);
+                        if (QUIC_FAILED(Status)) {
+                            TEST_FAILURE("Return Send Failed with 0x%x", Status);
+                            Stream->Shutdown(Status);
+                            return QUIC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+                        }
+                        Event->RECEIVE.TotalBufferLength = 0;
+                        return QUIC_STATUS_PENDING;
+                    } else if (Event->Type == QUIC_STREAM_EVENT_SEND_COMPLETE) {
+                        auto SendBuffer = (QUIC_BUFFER*) Event->SEND_COMPLETE.ClientContext;
+                        uint64_t TotalBufferLength = SendBuffer[0].Length;
+                        Stream->ReceiveComplete(TotalBufferLength);
+                        delete[] SendBuffer;
+                    }
+                    return QUIC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+                });
+        UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Stream); // This stream will clean itself up so it's not leaked here.
+    }
+    return QUIC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
 struct ConnectionPoolConnectionContext {
     CxPlatEvent ConnectedEvent{};
+    CxPlatEvent DataReceivedEvent{};
     uint16_t IdealProcessor{};
     uint16_t PartitionIndex{};
     bool Connected{false};
@@ -4170,6 +4213,10 @@ QuicTestConnectionPoolCreate(
         QuicAddrSetToDuoNic(&ServerAddr.SockAddr);
     }
 
+    const uint32_t SendBytes = 200;
+    UniquePtrArray<uint8_t> SendData(new(std::nothrow) uint8_t[SendBytes]);
+    QUIC_BUFFER SendBuffer{SendBytes, SendData.get()};
+
     //
     // Make sure to create the connection contexts before the connections,
     // to ensure they are not freed before the connection is closed.
@@ -4183,6 +4230,9 @@ QuicTestConnectionPoolCreate(
     UniquePtrArray<ConnectionScope> Connections(new(std::nothrow) ConnectionScope[NumberOfConnections]);
     TEST_NOT_EQUAL(nullptr, Connections);
 
+    UniquePtrArray<StreamScope> Streams(new(std::nothrow) StreamScope[NumberOfConnections]);
+    TEST_NOT_EQUAL(nullptr, Streams);
+
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumberOfConnections; ++i) {
         ContextPtrs[i] = &Contexts[i];
         Contexts[i].Connected = false;
@@ -4190,7 +4240,7 @@ QuicTestConnectionPoolCreate(
         Contexts[i].PartitionIndex = 0;
     }
 
-    MsQuicAutoAcceptListener Listener(Registration, ServerConfiguration, MsQuicConnection::NoOpCallback);
+    MsQuicAutoAcceptListener Listener(Registration, ServerConfiguration, ConnectionPoolServerConnectionCallback);
     TEST_QUIC_SUCCEEDED(Listener.GetInitStatus());
 
     if (TestCibirSupport) {
@@ -4239,6 +4289,34 @@ QuicTestConnectionPoolCreate(
     QUIC_STATUS Status = MsQuic->ConnectionPoolCreate(&PoolConfig, &(Connections.get()->Handle));
     if (XdpSupported) {
         TEST_QUIC_SUCCEEDED(Status);
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumberOfConnections; i++) {
+            // Send data on each connection while the handshake is progressing
+            TEST_QUIC_SUCCEEDED(
+                MsQuic->StreamOpen(
+                    Connections[i],
+                    QUIC_STREAM_OPEN_FLAG_NONE,
+                    [](HQUIC, void* Context, QUIC_STREAM_EVENT* Event){
+                        if (Event->Type == QUIC_STREAM_EVENT_START_COMPLETE) {
+                            if (QUIC_FAILED(Event->START_COMPLETE.Status)) {
+                                TEST_FAILURE("Stream start failed 0x%x", Event->START_COMPLETE.Status);
+                            }
+                        } else if (Event->Type == QUIC_STREAM_EVENT_RECEIVE) {
+                            auto* Ctxt = (ConnectionPoolConnectionContext*)Context;
+                            Ctxt->DataReceivedEvent.Set();
+                        }
+                        return QUIC_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+                    },
+                    &Contexts[i],
+                    &Streams[i].Handle));
+
+            TEST_QUIC_SUCCEEDED(
+                MsQuic->StreamSend(
+                    Streams[i],
+                    &SendBuffer,
+                    1,
+                    QUIC_SEND_FLAG_START | QUIC_SEND_FLAG_FIN,
+                    nullptr));
+        }
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumberOfConnections; i++) {
             //
             // Verify the client connection is connected.
@@ -4250,6 +4328,7 @@ QuicTestConnectionPoolCreate(
             if (Contexts[i].SpuriousNotification) {
                 TEST_FAILURE("Context %u received notification for a failed connection", i);
             }
+            Contexts[i].DataReceivedEvent.WaitTimeout(TestWaitTimeout);
         }
         TEST_EQUAL(NumberOfConnections, Listener.AcceptedConnectionCount);
     } else {