diff --git a/tests/memory/test_message_validation.py b/tests/memory/test_message_validation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..772a653e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/test_message_validation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+"""Essential message validation tests for Memory and AsyncMemory classes."""
+
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+from mem0.exceptions import ValidationError as Mem0ValidationError
+from mem0.memory.main import Memory, AsyncMemory
+from mem0.configs.base import MemoryConfig
+
+
+class TestMessageValidation:
+    """Test message validation for Memory and AsyncMemory classes."""
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def memory_instance(self):
+        """Create Memory instance with mocked dependencies."""
+        config = MemoryConfig()
+        with patch('mem0.memory.main.EmbedderFactory') as mock_embedder, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.VectorStoreFactory') as mock_vector, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.LlmFactory') as mock_llm, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.SQLiteManager') as mock_db, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.GraphStoreFactory') as mock_graph, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.VectorStoreFactory') as mock_telemetry:
+            
+            mock_embedder.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_vector.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_llm.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_db.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_graph.create.return_value = None
+            mock_telemetry.create.return_value = Mock()
+            
+            yield Memory(config)
+
+    @pytest.fixture
+    def async_memory_instance(self):
+        """Create AsyncMemory instance with mocked dependencies."""
+        config = MemoryConfig()
+        with patch('mem0.memory.main.EmbedderFactory') as mock_embedder, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.VectorStoreFactory') as mock_vector, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.LlmFactory') as mock_llm, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.SQLiteManager') as mock_db, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.GraphStoreFactory') as mock_graph, \
+             patch('mem0.memory.main.VectorStoreFactory') as mock_telemetry:
+            
+            mock_embedder.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_vector.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_llm.create.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_db.return_value = Mock()
+            mock_graph.create.return_value = None
+            mock_telemetry.create.return_value = Mock()
+            
+            yield AsyncMemory(config)
+
+    # Message Type Validation
+    def test_valid_message_types(self, memory_instance):
+        """Test valid message types."""
+        # String message
+        result = memory_instance.add("Hello", user_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+        
+        # Dict message
+        result = memory_instance.add({"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}, user_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+        
+        # List message
+        result = memory_instance.add([{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}], user_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+
+    def test_invalid_message_types(self, memory_instance):
+        """Test invalid message types raise ValidationError."""
+        # None message
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            memory_instance.add(None, user_id="test")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_003"
+        
+        # Integer message
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            memory_instance.add(123, user_id="test")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_003"
+        
+        # List of strings - this will fail in parse_vision_messages, not validation
+        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+            memory_instance.add(["hello", "world"], user_id="test")
+
+    # Session ID Validation
+    def test_no_session_ids(self, memory_instance):
+        """Test missing session IDs raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            memory_instance.add("Hello")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_001"
+
+    def test_valid_session_ids(self, memory_instance):
+        """Test valid session IDs."""
+        # user_id
+        result = memory_instance.add("Hello", user_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+        
+        # agent_id
+        result = memory_instance.add("Hello", agent_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+        
+        # run_id
+        result = memory_instance.add("Hello", run_id="test")
+        assert result is not None
+
+    # Memory Type Validation
+    def test_invalid_memory_type(self, memory_instance):
+        """Test invalid memory_type raises ValidationError."""
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            memory_instance.add("Hello", user_id="test", memory_type="invalid")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_002"
+
+    # AsyncMemory Tests
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_async_invalid_message_type(self, async_memory_instance):
+        """Test AsyncMemory with invalid message type."""
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            await async_memory_instance.add(123, user_id="test")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_003"
+
+    @pytest.mark.asyncio
+    async def test_async_no_session_ids(self, async_memory_instance):
+        """Test AsyncMemory with no session IDs."""
+        with pytest.raises(Mem0ValidationError) as exc_info:
+            await async_memory_instance.add("Hello")
+        assert exc_info.value.error_code == "VALIDATION_001"
diff --git a/tests/memory/test_parse_messages.py b/tests/memory/test_parse_messages.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47934eb8a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/test_parse_messages.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""Essential tests for message parsing utilities."""
+
+import pytest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+from mem0.memory.utils import parse_messages, parse_vision_messages
+
+
+class TestParseMessages:
+    """Test the parse_messages utility function."""
+
+    def test_parse_basic_messages(self):
+        """Test parsing basic message types."""
+        messages = [
+            {"role": "user", "content": "Hello"},
+            {"role": "assistant", "content": "Hi there"},
+            {"role": "system", "content": "You are helpful"}
+        ]
+        result = parse_messages(messages)
+        
+        assert "user: Hello" in result
+        assert "assistant: Hi there" in result
+        assert "system: You are helpful" in result
+
+    def test_parse_empty_messages(self):
+        """Test parsing empty messages list."""
+        result = parse_messages([])
+        assert result == ""
+
+    def test_parse_messages_with_missing_fields(self):
+        """Test parsing messages with missing fields."""
+        # Test missing role - should raise KeyError
+        with pytest.raises(KeyError):
+            parse_messages([{"content": "Missing role"}])
+        
+        # Test missing content - should raise KeyError  
+        with pytest.raises(KeyError):
+            parse_messages([{"role": "user"}])
+        
+        # Test invalid role - should be processed but not included
+        messages = [{"role": "invalid_role", "content": "Invalid role"}]
+        result = parse_messages(messages)
+        assert result == ""
+
+    def test_parse_messages_with_special_content(self):
+        """Test parsing messages with special content."""
+        messages = [
+            {"role": "user", "content": "Hello 世界! 🚀"},
+            {"role": "user", "content": "```python\ndef hello():\n    pass\n```"}
+        ]
+        result = parse_messages(messages)
+        assert "Hello 世界! 🚀" in result
+        assert "```python" in result
+
+
+class TestParseVisionMessages:
+    """Test the parse_vision_messages utility function."""
+
+    def test_parse_regular_messages(self):
+        """Test parsing regular text messages."""
+        messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello"}]
+        result = parse_vision_messages(messages)
+        assert result == messages
+
+    def test_parse_vision_messages_with_image(self):
+        """Test parsing vision messages with image URL."""
+        messages = [{
+            "role": "user",
+            "content": {
+                "type": "image_url",
+                "image_url": {"url": "https://example.com/image.jpg"}
+            }
+        }]
+        
+        with patch('mem0.memory.utils.get_image_description') as mock_get_desc:
+            mock_get_desc.return_value = "Image description"
+            result = parse_vision_messages(messages)
+            
+            assert result[0]["content"] == "Image description"
+
+    def test_parse_vision_messages_download_error(self):
+        """Test parsing vision messages when image download fails."""
+        messages = [{
+            "role": "user",
+            "content": {
+                "type": "image_url",
+                "image_url": {"url": "https://invalid.com/image.jpg"}
+            }
+        }]
+        
+        with patch('mem0.memory.utils.get_image_description') as mock_get_desc:
+            mock_get_desc.side_effect = Exception("Download failed")
+            
+            with pytest.raises(Exception) as exc_info:
+                parse_vision_messages(messages)
+            
+            assert "Error while downloading" in str(exc_info.value)