Fix analyzer crash on 'StructuralValue'

`OpaqueValueExpr` doesn't necessarily contain a source expression.
Particularly, after #78041, it is used to carry the type and the value
kind of a non-type template argument of floating-point type or referring
to a subobject (those are so called `StructuralValue` arguments).

This fixes #79575.

Author: bolshakov-a

clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Environment.cpp

@@ -40,8 +40,12 @@ static const Expr *ignoreTransparentExprs(const Expr *E) {
 
   switch (E->getStmtClass()) {
   case Stmt::OpaqueValueExprClass:
-    E = cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E)->getSourceExpr();
-    break;
+    if (const clang::Expr *SE = cast<OpaqueValueExpr>(E)->getSourceExpr()) {
+      E = SE;
+      break;
+    } else {
+      return E;
+    }
   case Stmt::ExprWithCleanupsClass:
     E = cast<ExprWithCleanups>(E)->getSubExpr();
     break;
@@ -98,7 +102,6 @@ SVal Environment::getSVal(const EnvironmentEntry &Entry,
   case Stmt::CXXBindTemporaryExprClass:
   case Stmt::ExprWithCleanupsClass:
   case Stmt::GenericSelectionExprClass:
-  case Stmt::OpaqueValueExprClass:
   case Stmt::ConstantExprClass:
   case Stmt::ParenExprClass:
   case Stmt::SubstNonTypeTemplateParmExprClass:

clang/test/Analysis/templates.cpp

@@ -68,3 +68,16 @@ namespace rdar13954714 {
   // force instantiation
   template void blockWithStatic<true>();
 }
+
+namespace structural_value_crash {
+  constexpr char abc[] = "abc";
+
+  template <const char* in>
+  void use_template_param() {
+    const char *p = in;
+  }
+
+  void force_instantiate() {
+    use_template_param<abc>();
+  }
+}