diff --git a/src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py b/src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py
index cef58f560ed..0f0cb7ae3c9 100644
--- a/src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py
+++ b/src/datasets/arrow_dataset.py
@@ -775,6 +775,7 @@ def class_encode_column(self, column: str) -> "Dataset":
         class_names = sorted(dset.unique(column))
         dst_feat = ClassLabel(names=class_names)
         dset = dset.map(lambda batch: {column: dst_feat.str2int(batch)}, input_columns=column, batched=True)
+        dset = concatenate_datasets([self.remove_columns([column]), dset], axis=1)
 
         new_features = copy.deepcopy(dset.features)
         new_features[column] = dst_feat
@@ -2877,10 +2878,12 @@ def add_elasticsearch_index(
             )
         return self
 
-    def add_item(self, item: dict):
+    @transmit_format
+    @fingerprint_transform(inplace=False)
+    def add_item(self, item: dict, new_fingerprint: str):
         """Add item to Dataset.
 
-        .. versionadded:: 1.6
+        .. versionadded:: 1.7
 
         Args:
             item (dict): Item data to be added.
@@ -2894,7 +2897,19 @@ def add_item(self, item: dict):
         item_table = item_table.cast(schema)
         # Concatenate tables
         table = concat_tables([self._data, item_table])
-        return Dataset(table)
+        if self._indices is None:
+            indices_table = None
+        else:
+            item_indices_array = pa.array([len(self._data)], type=pa.uint64())
+            item_indices_table = InMemoryTable.from_arrays([item_indices_array], names=["indices"])
+            indices_table = concat_tables([self._indices, item_indices_table])
+        return Dataset(
+            table,
+            info=copy.deepcopy(self.info),
+            split=self.split,
+            indices_table=indices_table,
+            fingerprint=new_fingerprint,
+        )
 
 
 def concatenate_datasets(
diff --git a/tests/test_arrow_dataset.py b/tests/test_arrow_dataset.py
index 245136e48b7..2b0367218e7 100644
--- a/tests/test_arrow_dataset.py
+++ b/tests/test_arrow_dataset.py
@@ -1949,6 +1949,10 @@ def test_concatenate_datasets_duplicate_columns(dataset):
     assert "duplicated" in str(excinfo.value)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "transform",
+    [None, ("shuffle", (42,), {}), ("with_format", ("pandas",), {}), ("class_encode_column", ("col_2",), {})],
+)
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("in_memory", [False, True])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "item",
@@ -1959,22 +1963,32 @@ def test_concatenate_datasets_duplicate_columns(dataset):
         {"col_1": 4.0, "col_2": 4.0, "col_3": 4.0},
     ],
 )
-def test_dataset_add_item(item, in_memory, dataset_dict, arrow_path):
-    dataset = (
+def test_dataset_add_item(item, in_memory, dataset_dict, arrow_path, transform):
+    dataset_to_test = (
         Dataset(InMemoryTable.from_pydict(dataset_dict))
         if in_memory
         else Dataset(MemoryMappedTable.from_file(arrow_path))
     )
-    dataset = dataset.add_item(item)
+    if transform is not None:
+        transform_name, args, kwargs = transform
+        dataset_to_test: Dataset = getattr(dataset_to_test, transform_name)(*args, **kwargs)
+    dataset = dataset_to_test.add_item(item)
     assert dataset.data.shape == (5, 3)
-    expected_features = {"col_1": "string", "col_2": "int64", "col_3": "float64"}
-    assert dataset.data.column_names == list(expected_features.keys())
+    expected_features = dataset_to_test.features
+    assert sorted(dataset.data.column_names) == sorted(expected_features.keys())
     for feature, expected_dtype in expected_features.items():
-        assert dataset.features[feature].dtype == expected_dtype
-    assert len(dataset.data.blocks) == 1 if in_memory else 2  # multiple InMemoryTables are consolidated as one
-    dataset = dataset.add_item(item)
-    assert dataset.data.shape == (6, 3)
+        assert dataset.features[feature] == expected_dtype
     assert len(dataset.data.blocks) == 1 if in_memory else 2  # multiple InMemoryTables are consolidated as one
+    assert dataset.format["type"] == dataset_to_test.format["type"]
+    assert dataset._fingerprint != dataset_to_test._fingerprint
+    dataset.reset_format()
+    dataset_to_test.reset_format()
+    assert dataset[:-1] == dataset_to_test[:]
+    assert {k: int(v) for k, v in dataset[-1].items()} == {k: int(v) for k, v in item.items()}
+    if dataset._indices is not None:
+        dataset_indices = dataset._indices["indices"].to_pylist()
+        dataset_to_test_indices = dataset_to_test._indices["indices"].to_pylist()
+        assert dataset_indices == dataset_to_test_indices + [len(dataset_to_test._data)]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("keep_in_memory", [False, True])