refactor: wire protocol cleanup and NAT routing improvements

Consolidates approved changes from PRs #2169 and #2171:

- Remove ObservedAddr in favor of std::net::SocketAddr
- Add PeerAddr enum to explicitly represent known/unknown addresses
- Update PeerKeyLocation to use PeerAddr for NAT scenarios
- Clean up wire protocol types for address handling
- Remove unused transient_manager module

This is part of the larger #2164 effort to simplify peer identity.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <[email protected]>

Author: sanity

crates/core/src/node/mod.rs

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ use crate::operations::handle_op_request;
 pub(crate) use network_bridge::{ConnectionError, EventLoopNotificationsSender, NetworkBridge};
 
 use crate::topology::rate::Rate;
-use crate::transport::{ObservedAddr, TransportKeypair, TransportPublicKey};
+use crate::transport::{TransportKeypair, TransportPublicKey};
 pub(crate) use op_state_manager::{OpManager, OpNotAvailable};
 
 mod message_processor;
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ pub(super) async fn process_message<CB>(
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub(crate) async fn process_message_decoupled<CB>(
     msg: NetMessage,
-    source_addr: Option<ObservedAddr>,
+    source_addr: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
     op_manager: Arc<OpManager>,
     conn_manager: CB,
     mut event_listener: Box<dyn NetEventRegister>,
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn process_message_decoupled<CB>(
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 async fn handle_pure_network_message<CB>(
     msg: NetMessage,
-    source_addr: Option<ObservedAddr>,
+    source_addr: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
     op_manager: Arc<OpManager>,
     conn_manager: CB,
     event_listener: &mut dyn NetEventRegister,
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@ async fn process_message_v1<CB>(
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 async fn handle_pure_network_message_v1<CB>(
     msg: NetMessageV1,
-    source_addr: Option<ObservedAddr>,
+    source_addr: Option<std::net::SocketAddr>,
     op_manager: Arc<OpManager>,
     mut conn_manager: CB,
     event_listener: &mut dyn NetEventRegister,

crates/core/src/node/network_bridge/p2p_protoc.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{convert::Infallible, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
+use std::{collections::HashSet, convert::Infallible, sync::Arc, time::Duration};
 
 use futures::{future::BoxFuture, FutureExt};
 use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
@@ -21,9 +21,12 @@ use crate::{
         self, ContractHandler, ContractHandlerChannel, ExecutorToEventLoopChannel,
         NetworkEventListenerHalve, WaitingResolution,
     },
-    message::NodeEvent,
+    message::{NetMessage, NetMessageV1, NodeEvent},
     node::NodeConfig,
-    operations::connect::{self},
+    operations::{
+        connect::{self, ConnectOp},
+        OpEnum,
+    },
 };
 
 use super::OpManager;
@@ -46,10 +49,9 @@ pub(crate) struct NodeP2P {
 }
 
 impl NodeP2P {
-    /// Aggressively monitor connections during startup.
-    /// This is a static version that can be spawned as a background task.
-    async fn aggressive_initial_connections_static(op_manager: &OpManager) {
-        let min_connections = op_manager.ring.connection_manager.min_connections;
+    /// Aggressively establish connections during startup to avoid on-demand delays
+    async fn aggressive_initial_connections(&self) {
+        let min_connections = self.op_manager.ring.connection_manager.min_connections;
 
         tracing::info!(
             "Starting aggressive connection acquisition phase (target: {} connections)",
@@ -60,13 +62,15 @@ impl NodeP2P {
         // to avoid the 10+ second delays on first GET operations
         let start = std::time::Instant::now();
         let max_duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
+        let mut last_connection_count = 0;
+        let mut stable_rounds = 0;
 
         while start.elapsed() < max_duration {
             // Cooperative yielding for CI environments with limited CPU cores
             // Research shows CI (2 cores) needs explicit yields to prevent task starvation
             tokio::task::yield_now().await;
 
-            let current_connections = op_manager.ring.open_connections();
+            let current_connections = self.op_manager.ring.open_connections();
 
             // If we've reached our target, we're done
             if current_connections >= min_connections {
@@ -78,6 +82,33 @@ impl NodeP2P {
                 break;
             }
 
+            // If connection count is stable for 3 rounds, actively trigger more connections
+            if current_connections == last_connection_count {
+                stable_rounds += 1;
+                if stable_rounds >= 3 && current_connections > 0 {
+                    tracing::info!(
+                        "Connection count stable at {}, triggering active peer discovery",
+                        current_connections
+                    );
+
+                    // Trigger the connection maintenance task to actively look for more peers
+                    // In small networks, we want to be more aggressive
+                    for _ in 0..3 {
+                        // Yield before each connection attempt to prevent blocking other tasks
+                        tokio::task::yield_now().await;
+
+                        if let Err(e) = self.trigger_connection_maintenance().await {
+                            tracing::warn!("Failed to trigger connection maintenance: {}", e);
+                        }
+                        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
+                    }
+                    stable_rounds = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                stable_rounds = 0;
+                last_connection_count = current_connections;
+            }
+
             tracing::debug!(
                 "Current connections: {}/{}, waiting for more peers (elapsed: {}s)",
                 current_connections,
@@ -94,7 +125,7 @@ impl NodeP2P {
             tokio::time::sleep(sleep_duration).await;
         }
 
-        let final_connections = op_manager.ring.open_connections();
+        let final_connections = self.op_manager.ring.open_connections();
         tracing::info!(
             "Aggressive connection phase complete. Final connections: {}/{} (took {}s)",
             final_connections,
@@ -103,6 +134,56 @@ impl NodeP2P {
         );
     }
 
+    /// Trigger the connection maintenance task to actively look for more peers
+    async fn trigger_connection_maintenance(&self) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+        let ideal_location = Location::random();
+
+        // Find a connected peer to query
+        let query_target = {
+            let router = self.op_manager.ring.router.read();
+            self.op_manager.ring.connection_manager.routing(
+                ideal_location,
+                None,
+                &HashSet::<PeerId>::new(),
+                &router,
+            )
+        };
+
+        if let Some(query_target) = query_target {
+            let joiner = self.op_manager.ring.connection_manager.own_location();
+            let ttl = self
+                .op_manager
+                .ring
+                .max_hops_to_live
+                .max(1)
+                .min(u8::MAX as usize) as u8;
+            let target_connections = self.op_manager.ring.connection_manager.min_connections;
+
+            let (tx, op, msg) = ConnectOp::initiate_join_request(
+                joiner,
+                query_target.clone(),
+                ideal_location,
+                ttl,
+                target_connections,
+                self.op_manager.connect_forward_estimator.clone(),
+            );
+
+            tracing::debug!(
+                %tx,
+                query_peer = %query_target.peer(),
+                %ideal_location,
+                "Triggering connection maintenance connect request"
+            );
+            self.op_manager
+                .notify_op_change(
+                    NetMessage::V1(NetMessageV1::Connect(msg)),
+                    OpEnum::Connect(Box::new(op)),
+                )
+                .await?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
     pub(super) async fn run_node(mut self) -> anyhow::Result<Infallible> {
         if self.should_try_connect {
             let join_handle = connect::initial_join_procedure(
@@ -111,21 +192,11 @@ impl NodeP2P {
             )
             .await?;
             self.initial_join_task = Some(join_handle);
-        }
 
-        // Spawn aggressive connection acquisition as a background task.
-        // This MUST run concurrently with the event listener, not before it,
-        // because the event listener is what binds the UDP socket and processes
-        // incoming messages - without it running, no connections can be established.
-        let op_manager_for_connections = self.op_manager.clone();
-        let should_try_connect = self.should_try_connect;
-        tokio::spawn(async move {
-            if should_try_connect {
-                // Small delay to ensure event listener has started
-                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
-                Self::aggressive_initial_connections_static(&op_manager_for_connections).await;
-            }
-        });
+            // After connecting to gateways, aggressively try to reach min_connections
+            // This is important for fast startup and avoiding on-demand connection delays
+            self.aggressive_initial_connections().await;
+        }
 
         let f = self.conn_manager.run_event_listener(
             self.op_manager.clone(),