Fix Ruby integration CI (#2765)

### Issues:
Resolves `P315730123`

### Description of changes: 
* Ruby integration CI with versions 3.3. and 3.4 was broken due to
broken patches.
* Ruby master branch CI required Cmake 3.26 now, so I've upgraded to a
newer image.

### Call-outs:
N/A

### Testing:
CI

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made
under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license and the ISC license.

---------

Co-authored-by: Sean McGrail <[email protected]>

Author: samuel40791765

.github/docker_images/aws-lc/ubuntu/Dockerfile.2404

@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \
     cmake \
     curl \
     git \
+    libffi-dev \
+    libgmp-dev \
+    libssl-dev \
     libunwind-dev \
+    libyaml-dev \
     lld \
     llvm \
     llvm-dev \
@@ -27,7 +31,8 @@ apt-get -y --no-install-recommends install \
     pkg-config \
     software-properties-common \
     unzip \
-    wget
+    wget \
+    zlib1g-dev
 apt-get autoremove --purge -y
 apt-get clean
 apt-get autoclean
@@ -63,4 +68,14 @@ setup_script="/tmp/setup-go-compiler.sh"
 ${setup_script}
 EOF
 
+# Install Ruby
+ENV RBENV_ROOT="/.rbenv"
+ENV PATH="${RBENV_ROOT}/shims:${RBENV_ROOT}/bin:$PATH"
+
+COPY --from=scripts setup-ruby.sh /tmp
+RUN <<EOF
+setup_script="/tmp/setup-ruby.sh"
+${setup_script}
+EOF
+
 RUN rm -rf /tmp/*

.github/workflows/integration_omnibus.yml

@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: ./.github/actions/codebuild-docker-run
         name: Run Container
         with:
-          image: ${{ steps.login-ecr.outputs.registry }}/aws-lc/ubuntu:22.04
+          image: ${{ steps.login-ecr.outputs.registry }}/aws-lc/ubuntu:24.04
           env: |
             FIPS
           ipv6: true