[SPARK-33483][INFRA][TESTS] Fix rat exclusion patterns and add a LICENSE

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR fixes the RAT exclusion rule which was originated from SPARK-1144 (Apache Spark 1.0)

### Why are the changes needed?

This prevents the situation like #30415.

Currently, it missed `catalog` directory due to `.log` rule.
```
$ dev/check-license
Could not find Apache license headers in the following files:
 !????? /Users/dongjoon/APACHE/spark-merge/sql/catalyst/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/MetadataColumn.java
 !????? /Users/dongjoon/APACHE/spark-merge/sql/catalyst/src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/SupportsMetadataColumns.java
```

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No.

### How was this patch tested?

Pass the CI with the new rule.

Closes #30418 from dongjoon-hyun/SPARK-RAT.

Authored-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>

Author: dongjoon-hyun

dev/.rat-excludes

@@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ jquery.dataTables.1.10.20.min.js
 jquery.mustache.js
 jsonFormatter.min.css
 jsonFormatter.min.js
-.*avsc
-.*txt
-.*json
-.*data
-.*log
+.*\.avsc
+.*\.txt
+.*\.json
+.*\.data
+.*\.log
 pyspark-coverage-site/*
 cloudpickle/*
 join.py
@@ -98,17 +98,17 @@ local-1430917381535_2
 DESCRIPTION
 NAMESPACE
 test_support/*
-.*Rd
+.*\.Rd
 help/*
 html/*
 INDEX
 .lintr
 gen-java.*
-.*avpr
-.*parquet
+.*\.avpr
+.*\.parquet
 spark-deps-.*
-.*csv
-.*tsv
+.*\.csv
+.*\.tsv
 .*\.sql
 .Rbuildignore
 META-INF/*
@@ -125,3 +125,11 @@ application_1578436911597_0052
 config.properties
 app-20200706201101-0003
 py.typed
+_metadata
+_SUCCESS
+part-00000
+.*\.res
+flights_tiny.txt.1
+over1k
+over10k
+exported_table/*

sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/test_transform.py

@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+#
 import sys
 
 delim = sys.argv[1]