diff --git a/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/docker-compose.yml b/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/docker-compose.yml
index 33ac9552c7fa..31bbe4b5017e 100644
--- a/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/docker-compose.yml
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ services:
       - "${PWD}/out/jwt-secret.hex:/genesis/jwt-secret.hex"
     environment:
       - HTTP_PORT=8545
+      - WS_PORT=8546
       - MAX_TX_INPUT_SIZE_BYTES=1310720
 
   eth_beacon:
diff --git a/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/run-locally.sh b/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/run-locally.sh
index 5a53730a0089..83eb495fcb07 100755
--- a/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/run-locally.sh
+++ b/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/run-locally.sh
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 REPO_ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
 
 ${REPO_ROOT}/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/create.sh
-(cd ${REPO_ROOT}/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet && docker compose build && docker compose up)
+(cd ${REPO_ROOT}/spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet && docker compose down -v && docker compose build && docker compose up)
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/snapshot_manager.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/snapshot_manager.ts
index d1e8492e98ee..007a08669c8c 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/snapshot_manager.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/snapshot_manager.ts
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ async function setupFromFresh(
 
   // Start anvil. We go via a wrapper script to ensure if the parent dies, anvil dies.
   logger.verbose('Starting anvil...');
-  const res = await startAnvil(opts.ethereumSlotDuration);
+  const res = await startAnvil({ l1BlockTime: opts.ethereumSlotDuration });
   const anvil = res.anvil;
   aztecNodeConfig.l1RpcUrl = res.rpcUrl;
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/utils.ts b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/utils.ts
index 63aac6b3de52..c40c15fedf1d 100644
--- a/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/utils.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/end-to-end/src/fixtures/utils.ts
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ export async function setup(
       );
     }
 
-    const res = await startAnvil(opts.ethereumSlotDuration);
+    const res = await startAnvil({ l1BlockTime: opts.ethereumSlotDuration });
     anvil = res.anvil;
     config.l1RpcUrl = res.rpcUrl;
   }
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.test.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.test.ts
index 16ff9a74e290..04048dfa6272 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.test.ts
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@ import { type PrivateKeyAccount, privateKeyToAccount } from 'viem/accounts';
 import { foundry } from 'viem/chains';
 
 import { DefaultL1ContractsConfig } from '../config.js';
-import { type L1Clients, createL1Clients, deployL1Contract, deployL1Contracts } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
+import { createL1Clients, deployL1Contract, deployL1Contracts } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
 import { L1TxUtils } from '../l1_tx_utils.js';
 import { startAnvil } from '../test/start_anvil.js';
+import { type L1Clients } from '../types.js';
 import { FormattedViemError } from '../utils.js';
 import { ForwarderContract } from './forwarder.js';
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.ts
index 6008e8a645cd..4a8b46977c4a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/forwarder.ts
@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ import {
   getContract,
 } from 'viem';
 
-import { type L1Clients, deployL1Contract } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
+import { deployL1Contract } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
 import { type L1BlobInputs, type L1GasConfig, type L1TxRequest, type L1TxUtils } from '../l1_tx_utils.js';
+import { type L1Clients } from '../types.js';
 import { RollupContract } from './rollup.js';
 
 export class ForwarderContract {
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/governance_proposer.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/governance_proposer.ts
index 31d39cd669c7..00572125f775 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/governance_proposer.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/governance_proposer.ts
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ import {
   getContract,
 } from 'viem';
 
-import type { L1Clients } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
 import type { GasPrice, L1TxRequest, L1TxUtils } from '../l1_tx_utils.js';
+import { type L1Clients } from '../types.js';
 import { type IEmpireBase, encodeVote } from './empire_base.js';
 
 export class GovernanceProposerContract implements IEmpireBase {
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/slashing_proposer.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/slashing_proposer.ts
index 6e0a5493aa59..b0322e56225e 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/slashing_proposer.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/contracts/slashing_proposer.ts
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import {
   getContract,
 } from 'viem';
 
-import type { L1Clients } from '../deploy_l1_contracts.js';
 import type { L1TxRequest } from '../l1_tx_utils.js';
+import type { L1Clients } from '../types.js';
 import { type IEmpireBase, encodeVote } from './empire_base.js';
 
 export class SlashingProposerContract implements IEmpireBase {
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.test.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.test.ts
index f6bb0947bd6b..e70d8135d8d1 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.test.ts
@@ -5,18 +5,15 @@ import { Fr } from '@aztec/foundation/fields';
 import { type Logger, createLogger } from '@aztec/foundation/log';
 import { RollupAbi } from '@aztec/l1-artifacts/RollupAbi';
 
-import { type Anvil } from '@viem/anvil';
 import { getContract } from 'viem';
 import { type PrivateKeyAccount, privateKeyToAccount } from 'viem/accounts';
-import { foundry } from 'viem/chains';
 
+import { createEthereumChain } from './chain.js';
 import { DefaultL1ContractsConfig } from './config.js';
 import { type DeployL1ContractsArgs, deployL1Contracts } from './deploy_l1_contracts.js';
 import { startAnvil } from './test/start_anvil.js';
 
 describe('deploy_l1_contracts', () => {
-  let anvil: Anvil;
-  let rpcUrl: string;
   let privateKey: PrivateKeyAccount;
   let logger: Logger;
 
@@ -27,6 +24,13 @@ describe('deploy_l1_contracts', () => {
   let initialValidators: EthAddress[];
   let l2FeeJuiceAddress: AztecAddress;
 
+  // Use these environment variables to run against a live node. Eg to test against spartan's eth-devnet:
+  // BLOCK_TIME=1 spartan/aztec-network/eth-devnet/run-locally.sh
+  // LOG_LEVEL=verbose L1_RPC_URL=http://localhost:8545 L1_CHAIN_ID=1337 yarn test deploy_l1_contracts
+  const chainId = process.env.L1_CHAIN_ID ? parseInt(process.env.L1_CHAIN_ID, 10) : 31337;
+  let rpcUrl = process.env.L1_RPC_URL;
+  let stop: () => Promise<void> = () => Promise.resolve();
+
   beforeAll(async () => {
     logger = createLogger('ethereum:test:deploy_l1_contracts');
     privateKey = privateKeyToAccount('0x8b3a350cf5c34c9194ca85829a2df0ec3153be0318b5e2d3348e872092edffba');
@@ -37,15 +41,23 @@ describe('deploy_l1_contracts', () => {
     initialValidators = times(3, EthAddress.random);
     l2FeeJuiceAddress = await AztecAddress.random();
 
-    ({ anvil, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil());
+    if (!rpcUrl) {
+      ({ stop, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil());
+    }
   });
 
   afterAll(async () => {
-    await anvil.stop().catch(err => createLogger('cleanup').error(err));
+    if (stop) {
+      try {
+        await stop();
+      } catch (err) {
+        createLogger('ethereum:cleanup').error(`Error during cleanup`, err);
+      }
+    }
   });
 
   const deploy = (args: Partial<DeployL1ContractsArgs> = {}) =>
-    deployL1Contracts(rpcUrl, privateKey, foundry, logger, {
+    deployL1Contracts(rpcUrl!, privateKey, createEthereumChain(rpcUrl!, chainId).chainInfo, logger, {
       ...DefaultL1ContractsConfig,
       salt: undefined,
       vkTreeRoot,
@@ -53,6 +65,7 @@ describe('deploy_l1_contracts', () => {
       genesisArchiveRoot,
       genesisBlockHash,
       l2FeeJuiceAddress,
+      l1TxConfig: { checkIntervalMs: 100 },
       ...args,
     });
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.ts
index d7aa32017452..90193bd045de 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/deploy_l1_contracts.ts
@@ -40,15 +40,10 @@ import type { Abi, Narrow } from 'abitype';
 import {
   type Account,
   type Chain,
-  type Client,
   type Hex,
   type HttpTransport,
-  type PublicActions,
   type PublicClient,
-  type PublicRpcSchema,
-  type WalletActions,
   type WalletClient,
-  type WalletRpcSchema,
   concatHex,
   createPublicClient,
   createWalletClient,
@@ -68,6 +63,7 @@ import { isAnvilTestChain } from './chain.js';
 import { type L1ContractsConfig } from './config.js';
 import { type L1ContractAddresses } from './l1_contract_addresses.js';
 import { L1TxUtils, type L1TxUtilsConfig, defaultL1TxUtilsConfig } from './l1_tx_utils.js';
+import type { L1Clients } from './types.js';
 
 export const DEPLOYER_ADDRESS: Hex = '0x4e59b44847b379578588920cA78FbF26c0B4956C';
 
@@ -206,19 +202,10 @@ export interface DeployL1ContractsArgs extends L1ContractsConfig {
   salt: number | undefined;
   /** The initial validators for the rollup contract. */
   initialValidators?: EthAddress[];
+  /** Configuration for the L1 tx utils module. */
+  l1TxConfig?: Partial<L1TxUtilsConfig>;
 }
 
-export type L1Clients = {
-  publicClient: PublicClient<HttpTransport, Chain>;
-  walletClient: Client<
-    HttpTransport,
-    Chain,
-    PrivateKeyAccount,
-    [...WalletRpcSchema, ...PublicRpcSchema],
-    PublicActions<HttpTransport, Chain> & WalletActions<Chain, PrivateKeyAccount>
-  >;
-};
-
 /**
  * Creates a wallet and a public viem client for interacting with L1.
  * @param rpcUrl - RPC URL to connect to L1.
@@ -353,7 +340,7 @@ export const deployL1Contracts = async (
   await govDeployer.waitForDeployments();
   logger.verbose(`All governance contracts deployed`);
 
-  const deployer = new L1Deployer(walletClient, publicClient, args.salt, logger);
+  const deployer = new L1Deployer(walletClient, publicClient, args.salt, logger, args.l1TxConfig ?? {});
 
   const feeJuicePortalAddress = await deployer.deploy(l1Artifacts.feeJuicePortal, [
     registryAddress.toString(),
@@ -665,11 +652,11 @@ export async function deployL1Contract(
     }
 
     const replacements: Record<string, EthAddress> = {};
-
+    const libraryTxs: Hex[] = [];
     for (const libraryName in libraries?.libraryCode) {
       const lib = libraries.libraryCode[libraryName];
 
-      const { address } = await deployL1Contract(
+      const { address, txHash } = await deployL1Contract(
         walletClient,
         publicClient,
         lib.contractAbi,
@@ -681,6 +668,10 @@ export async function deployL1Contract(
         l1TxUtils,
       );
 
+      if (txHash) {
+        libraryTxs.push(txHash);
+      }
+
       for (const linkRef in libraries.linkReferences) {
         for (const contractName in libraries.linkReferences[linkRef]) {
           // If the library name matches the one we just deployed, we replace it.
@@ -706,6 +697,13 @@ export async function deployL1Contract(
       const replacement = replacements[toReplace].toString().slice(2);
       bytecode = bytecode.replace(new RegExp(escapeRegExp(toReplace), 'g'), replacement) as Hex;
     }
+
+    // Reth fails gas estimation if the deployed contract attempts to call a library that is not yet deployed,
+    // so we wait for all library deployments to be mined before deploying the contract.
+    if (libraryTxs.length > 0) {
+      logger?.verbose(`Awaiting for linked libraries to be deployed`);
+      await Promise.all(libraryTxs.map(txHash => publicClient.waitForTransactionReceipt({ hash: txHash })));
+    }
   }
 
   if (maybeSalt) {
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.test.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.test.ts
index 7eefcb0ca4f2..2bdb0c334899 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.test.ts
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ describe('GasUtils', () => {
   const logger = createLogger('ethereum:test:l1_gas_test');
 
   beforeAll(async () => {
-    const { anvil: anvilInstance, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil(1);
+    const { anvil: anvilInstance, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil({ l1BlockTime: 1 });
     anvil = anvilInstance;
     cheatCodes = new EthCheatCodes(rpcUrl);
     const hdAccount = mnemonicToAccount(MNEMONIC, { addressIndex: 0 });
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.ts
index 73f6fa7ddb2f..eca62b459398 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/l1_tx_utils.ts
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import {
   hexToBytes,
 } from 'viem';
 
-import { type L1Clients } from './deploy_l1_contracts.js';
+import { type L1Clients } from './types.js';
 import { formatViemError } from './utils.js';
 
 // 1_000_000_000 Gwei = 1 ETH
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/start_anvil.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/start_anvil.ts
index 9c81b2e2832a..ff8e6d975558 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/start_anvil.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/start_anvil.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@ import { dirname, resolve } from 'path';
 /**
  * Ensures there's a running Anvil instance and returns the RPC URL.
  */
-export async function startAnvil(l1BlockTime?: number): Promise<{ anvil: Anvil; rpcUrl: string }> {
+export async function startAnvil(
+  opts: {
+    l1BlockTime?: number;
+  } = {},
+): Promise<{ anvil: Anvil; rpcUrl: string; stop: () => Promise<void> }> {
   const anvilBinary = resolve(dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '../../', 'scripts/anvil_kill_wrapper.sh');
 
   let port: number | undefined;
@@ -19,7 +23,7 @@ export async function startAnvil(l1BlockTime?: number): Promise<{ anvil: Anvil;
       const anvil = createAnvil({
         anvilBinary,
         port: 0,
-        blockTime: l1BlockTime,
+        blockTime: opts.l1BlockTime,
         stopTimeout: 1000,
       });
 
@@ -44,5 +48,5 @@ export async function startAnvil(l1BlockTime?: number): Promise<{ anvil: Anvil;
 
   // Monkeypatch the anvil instance to include the actually assigned port
   Object.defineProperty(anvil, 'port', { value: port, writable: false });
-  return { anvil, rpcUrl: `http://127.0.0.1:${port}` };
+  return { anvil, stop: () => anvil.stop(), rpcUrl: `http://127.0.0.1:${port}` };
 }
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/tx_delayer.test.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/tx_delayer.test.ts
index af2d2fa58919..119d3736cb9b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/tx_delayer.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/test/tx_delayer.test.ts
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ describe('tx_delayer', () => {
   const ETHEREUM_SLOT_DURATION = 2;
 
   beforeAll(async () => {
-    ({ anvil, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil(ETHEREUM_SLOT_DURATION));
+    ({ anvil, rpcUrl } = await startAnvil({ l1BlockTime: ETHEREUM_SLOT_DURATION }));
     logger = createLogger('ethereum:test:tx_delayer');
   });
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/types.ts b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/types.ts
index 1638685841c8..e957000e138b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/ethereum/src/types.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/ethereum/src/types.ts
@@ -24,3 +24,9 @@ export type ViemClient = Client<
 
 /** Type for a viem public client */
 export type ViemPublicClient = PublicClient<HttpTransport, Chain>;
+
+/** Both L1 clients */
+export type L1Clients = {
+  publicClient: ViemPublicClient;
+  walletClient: ViemClient;
+};